Catalysts are substances that increase the reaction rate of a chemical reaction without being consumed in the process. 625-35-4, Name is (E)-2-Butenoyl chloride, SMILES is C/C=C/C(Cl)=O, belongs to chlorides-buliding-blocks compound. In a document, author is Peng, Jianbiao, introduce the new discover, Category: chlorides-buliding-blocks.
Enhanced removal of methylparaben mediated by cobalt/carbon nanotubes (Co/CNTs) activated peroxymonosulfate in chloride-containing water: Reaction kinetics, mechanisms and pathways
Chloride ion (Cl-) widely presents in natural water and wastewater, which can significantly affect the performance of sulfate radical-based advanced oxidation processes (SR-AOPs). However, few studies are available now on the generation of chlorinated by-products in the peroxymonosulfate (PMS) based systems. Here a novel catalyst (cobalt/carbon nanotubes, Co/CNTs) was synthesized and used as a PMS activator to remove methylparaben (MeP) with and without Cl-. The morphology and chemical composition of the fresh and used Co/CNTs were characterized by TEM, SEM, XRD, BET, and XPS. Results revealed that Co/CNTs exhibited significant catalytic activity toward MeP removal, and the removal efficiency increased with the augment of reaction temperature and concentrations of Co/CNTs and PMS. In the absence of CI 83.2% of 10 mu M MeP was degraded within 60 mM by using 2 mg/L Co/CNTs and 100 mu M PMS at 25 degrees C with pH 7.0. However, complete removal of MeP was achieved within 20 mM in the presence of 100 mM Cl-, which enhanced the apparent rate constant by a factor of 4.3. Consequently, TOC removal was enhanced from 8.1% to 19.2% within 60 mM. Through the quenching experiments, both SO4 center dot- and center dot OH were found responsible for MeP degradation without Cl-, while Cl-2(-center dot) was the main reactive oxygen species (ROS) with 100 mM Cl-. Based on the intermediates identified via TOF-LCMS, four potential reaction pathways were proposed, including hydrogen abstraction coupling reaction, hydroxylation, center dot OH attack, and Cl-2(-center dot) attack. The intermediates also exhibited decreased toxicity compared to the parent compound based on the ecotoxicity evaluation. In addition, Co/CNTs + PMS system achieved over 60% MeP removal from real wastewater with elevated PMS concentration, indicating the process applicability. These findings provide valuable information of SR-AOPs to facilitate organic contaminants removal in Cl–containing water.
The proportionality constant is the rate constant for the particular unimolecular reaction. the reaction rate is directly proportional to the concentration of the reactant. I hope my blog about 625-35-4 is helpful to your research. Category: chlorides-buliding-blocks.