The preparation of ester heterocycles mostly uses heteroatoms as nucleophilic sites, which are achieved by intramolecular substitution or addition reactions. Compound: 3,3′-Diindolylmethane( cas:1968-05-4 ) is researched.Application In Synthesis of 3,3′-Diindolylmethane.Tsao, Chih-Wei; Li, Jia-Sin; Lin, Ya-Wen; Wu, Sheng-Tang; Cha, Tai-Lung; Liu, Chin-Yu published the article 《Regulation of carcinogenesis and mediation through Wnt/β-catenin signaling by 3,3-diindolylmethane in an enzalutamide-resistant prostate cancer cell line》 about this compound( cas:1968-05-4 ) in Scientific Reports. Keywords: enzalutamide Wnt diindolylmethane prostate cancer cell carcinogenesis. Let’s learn more about this compound (cas:1968-05-4).
Enzalutamide (ENZ) is an important drug used to treat castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC), which inhibits androgen receptor (AR) signaling. Previous study showed that 3,3-diindolylmethane (DIM) is an AR antagonist that also inhibits Wnt signaling and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). To investigate whether combined treatment with ENZ and DIM can overcome ENZ resistance by regulating Wnt signaling to inhibit AR signaling and EMT in ENZ-resistant prostate cancer cells, 22Rv1 cells were cultured in normal medium and treated with ENZ, DIM, and DIM with ENZ. Exposure of ENZ-resistant cells to both DIM and ENZ significantly inhibited cell proliferation without cytotoxicity and invasion in comparison with the control. DIM significantly increased the E-cadherin expression and inhibited the expressions of Vimentin and Fibronectin, subsequently inhibiting EMT. Co-treatment with ENZ and DIM significantly increased the expressions of GSK3β and APC and decreased the β-catenin protein expression, causing inhibition of Wnt signaling and AR expression, it also significantly decreased the AR-v7 expression and down-regulated AR signaling. Via suppression of Wnt and AR signaling, co-treatment increased the E-cadherin and decreased the Vimentin and Fibronectin RNA and protein expressions, then inhibited EMT. Co-treatment with DIM and ENZ regulated Wnt signaling to reduce not only the AR expression, but also the AR-v7 expression, indicating suppression of EMT that inhibits cancer cell proliferation, invasion and migration to ameliorate ENZ resistance.
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Reference:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics