Calcareous deposit formation under cathodic polarization and marine biocalcifying bacterial activity was written by Colin, Beatrice;Vincent, Julia;Koziorowszki, Lilla;Frein, Aurore;Lanneluc, Isabelle;Sabot, Rene;Refait, Philippe;Sable, Sophie;Jeannin, Marc. And the article was included in Bioelectrochemistry in 2022.COA of Formula: C16H18ClN3S This article mentions the following:
CaCO3 precipitation can occur through bacterial activity (biomineralization) but can also take place in abiotic conditions in seawater at a steel surface under cathodic polarization. In this work, we used two biocalcifying bacterial strains: Pseudoalteromonas sp. and Virgibacillus halodenitrificans isolated in a previous work from marine environment for their ability to induce CaCO3 precipitation Motility experiments were performed to evaluate the bacterial behavior in the absence or presence of an applied elec. current of -600 μA/cm2 in a solid medium. As no alteration of bacterial growth or CaCO3 crystal formation were observed, we studied both strains in liquid cultures at different applied currents densities: -100, -200 and -600 μA/cm2. The deposits formed on the cathode surface were characterized by μ-Raman spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction. The strain ability to biocalcify in the presence of elec. current, in the liquid medium, was evaluated by monitoring bacterial growth, pH evolution, CaCO3 production and metabolic characterization for 7 days. Our results show that neither bacterial growth, enzymic pathways or CaCO3 production were altered by the elec. current. Moreover, bacterial activity modified drastically the nature of the compounds formed on the cathode surface. It favored Mg-containing calcite, hindering the formation of both aragonite and brucite. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3,7-Bis(dimethylamino)phenothiazin-5-ium chloride (cas: 61-73-4COA of Formula: C16H18ClN3S).
3,7-Bis(dimethylamino)phenothiazin-5-ium chloride (cas: 61-73-4) belongs to organic chlorides. An organic chloride is an organic compound containing at least one covalently bonded atom of chlorine. Their wide structural variety and divergent chemical properties lead to a broad range of names and applications. Organochlorine compounds are lipophylic, meaning they are more soluble in fat than in water. This gives them a high tenancy to accumulate in the food chain (biomagnification).COA of Formula: C16H18ClN3S
Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics