Cosolvent-Assisted Interfacial Polymerization toward Regulating the Morphology and Performance of Polyamide Reverse Osmosis Membranes: Increased m-Phenylenediamine Solubility or Enhanced Interfacial Vaporization? was written by Gan, Qimao;Peng, Lu Elfa;Guo, Hao;Yang, Zhe;Tang, Chuyang Y.. And the article was included in Environmental Science & Technology in 2022.Product Details of 4422-95-1 This article mentions the following:
Cosolvent-assisted interfacial polymerization (IP) can effectively enhance the separation performance of thin film composite (TFC) reverse osmosis (RO) membranes. However, the underlying mechanisms regulating the formation of their polyamide (PA) rejection films remain controversial. The current study reveals two essential roles of cosolvents in the IP reaction: (1) directly promoting interfacial vaporization with their lower b.ps. and (2) increasing the solubility of m-phenylenediamine (MPD) in the organic phase, thereby indirectly promoting the IP reaction. Using a series of systematically chosen cosolvents (i.e., di-Et ether, acetone, methanol, and toluene) with different b.ps. and MPD solubilities, we show that the surface morphologies of TFC RO membranes were regulated by the combined direct and indirect effects. A cosolvent favoring interfacial vaporization (e.g., lower b.p., greater MPD solubility, and/or higher concentration) tends to create greater apparent thickness of the rejection layer, larger nanovoids within the layer, and more extensive exterior PA layers, leading to significantly improved membrane water permeance. We further demonstrate the potential to achieve better antifouling performance for the cosolvent-assisted TFC membranes. The current study provides mechanistic insights into the critical roles of cosolvents in IP reactions, providing new tools for tailoring membrane morphol. and separation properties toward more efficient desalination and water reuse. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Trimesoylchloride (cas: 4422-95-1Product Details of 4422-95-1).
Trimesoylchloride (cas: 4422-95-1) belongs to organic chlorides. Organic chlorides are compounds containing a carbon-chlorine bond, which are widely used in the oil field as a wax dissolver. Alkanes and aryl alkanes may be chlorinated under free radical conditions, with UV light. However, the extent of chlorination is difficult to control.Product Details of 4422-95-1
Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics