Development of the EpiOcular eye irritation test for hazard identification and labelling of eye irritating chemicals in response to the requirements of the EU cosmetics directive and REACH legislation was written by Kaluzhny, Yulia;Kandarova, Helena;Hayden, Patrick;Kubilus, Joseph;d’Argembeau-Thornton, Laurence;Klausner, Mitchell. And the article was included in ATLA, Alternatives to Laboratory Animals in 2011.Quality Control of Ethyl 3-(2,6-Dichloro-5-fluoro-3-pyridyl)-3-oxopropionate This article mentions the following:
The recently implemented 7th Amendment to the EU Cosmetics Directive and the EU REACH legislation have heightened the need for in vitro ocular test methods. To address this need, the EpiOcular eye irritation test (EpiOcular-EIT), which utilizes the normal (non-transformed) human cell-based EpiOcular tissue model, has been developed. The EpiOcular-EIT prediction model is based on an initial training set of 39 liquid and 21 solid test substances and uses a single exposure period and a single cut-off in tissue viability, as determined by the MTT assay. A chem. is classified as an irritant (GHS Category 1 or 2), if the tissue viability is 鈮?60%, and as a non-irritant (GHS unclassified), if the viability is > 60%. EpiOcular-EIT results for the training set, along with results for an addnl. 52 substances, which included a range of alcs., hydrocarbons, amines, esters, and ketones, discriminated between ocular irritants and non-irritants with 98.1% sensitivity, 72.9% specificity, and 84.8% accuracy. To ensure the long-term com. viability of the assay, EpiOcular tissues produced by using three alternative cell culture inserts were evaluated in the EpiOcular-EIT with 94 chems. The assay results obtained with the initial insert and the three alternative inserts were very similar, as judged by correlation coefficients (r2) that ranged from 0.82 to 0.96. The EpiOcular-EIT was pre-validated in 2007/2008, and is currently involved in a formal, multi-laboratory validation study sponsored by the European Cosmetics Association (COLIPA) under the auspices of the European Center for the Validation of Alternative Methods (ECVAM). The EpiOcular-EIT, together with EpiOcular’s long history of reproducibility and proven utility for ultra-mildness testing, make EpiOcular a useful model for addressing current legislation related to animal use in the testing of potential ocular irritants. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Ethyl 3-(2,6-Dichloro-5-fluoro-3-pyridyl)-3-oxopropionate (cas: 96568-04-6Quality Control of Ethyl 3-(2,6-Dichloro-5-fluoro-3-pyridyl)-3-oxopropionate).
Ethyl 3-(2,6-Dichloro-5-fluoro-3-pyridyl)-3-oxopropionate (cas: 96568-04-6) belongs to organic chlorides. Organochlorines stimulate the central nervous system and cause convulsions, tremor, nausea, and mental confusion. Examples are dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), chlordane, lindane, endosulfan, and dieldrin. Aryl chlorides may be prepared by the Friedel-Crafts halogenation, using chlorine and a Lewis acid catalyst.Quality Control of Ethyl 3-(2,6-Dichloro-5-fluoro-3-pyridyl)-3-oxopropionate
Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics