Chemistry is the science of change. But why do chemical reactions take place? Why do chemicals react with each other? The answer is in thermodynamics and kinetics, Category: chlorides-buliding-blocks, 57-15-8, Name is 1,1,1-Trichloro-2-methylpropan-2-ol, SMILES is CC(O)(C)C(Cl)(Cl)Cl, belongs to chlorides-buliding-blocks compound. In a document, author is Lin, Kaisen, introduce the new discover.
Survival of MS2 and phi 6 viruses in droplets as a function of relative humidity, pH, and salt, protein, and surfactant concentrations
The survival of viruses in droplets is known to depend on droplets’ chemical composition, which may vary in respiratory fluid between individuals and over the course of disease. This relationship is also important for understanding the persistence of viruses in droplets generated from wastewater, freshwater, and seawater. We investigated the effects of salt (0, 1, and 35 g/L), protein (0, 100, and 1000 mu g/mL), surfactant (0, 1, and 10 mu g/mL), and droplet pH (4.0, 7.0, and 10.0) on the viability of viruses in 1-mu L droplets pipetted onto polystyrene surfaces and exposed to 20%, 50%, and 80% relative humidity (RH) using a culture-based approach. Results showed that viability of MS2, a non-enveloped virus, was generally higher than that of phi 6, an enveloped virus, in droplets after 1 hour. The chemical composition of droplets greatly influenced virus viability. Specifically, the survival of MS2 was similar in droplets at different pH values, but the viability of phi 6 was significantly reduced in acidic and basic droplets compared to neutral ones. The presence of bovine serum albumin protected both MS2 and phi 6 from inactivation in droplets. The effects of sodium chloride and the surfactant sodium dodecyl sulfate varied by virus type and RH. Meanwhile, RH affected the viability of viruses as shown previously: viability was lowest at intermediate to high RH. The results demonstrate that the viability of viruses is determined by the chemical composition of carrier droplets, especially pH and protein content, and environmental factors. These findings emphasize the importance of understanding the chemical composition of carrier droplets in order to predict the persistence of viruses contained in them.
A reaction mechanism is the microscopic path by which reactants are transformed into products. Each step is an elementary reaction. In my other articles, you can also check out more blogs about 57-15-8. Category: chlorides-buliding-blocks.