Category: 118-45-6

Peng, Yanqing; Song, Gonghua; Qian, Xuhong published the artcile< Imidation of cyclic carboxylic anhydrides under microwave irradiation>, Category: chlorides-buliding-blocks, the main research area is cyclic carboxylic anhydride imidation microwave; imide preparation.

Efficient and facile conversion of cyclic carboxylic anhydrides to corresponding imides with formamide under microwave irradiation is described.

Synthetic Communications published new progress about Anhydrides Role: RCT (Reactant), RACT (Reactant or Reagent) (cyclic). 118-45-6 belongs to class chlorides-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C8H3ClO3, Category: chlorides-buliding-blocks.

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Perry, Robert J.; Turner, S. Richard; Blevins, Richard W. published the artcile< Palladium-Catalyzed Formation of Poly(imide-amides). 2. Reactions with Chloroiodophthalimides and Diamines>, Application In Synthesis of 118-45-6, the main research area is palladium catalyst polymerization chlorophthalimide aromatic diamine; iodine catalyst preparation polyimide polyamide.

High-mol.-weight poly(imide-amides) can be readily formed by the Pd-mediated carbonylation and condensation reactions of activated chlorophthalimide monomers and aromatic diamines. The presence of iodide ion greatly accelerates the rate of reaction and increases the ultimate mol. weight of the polymer. Polymerizations proceed best using a protocol of high CO pressure (90 psig) for 2-4 h, followed by lower CO pressure (20 psi) in DMAc or NMP for 24-48 h at 100° using 0.3-3.0% PdCl2L2 (L = PPh3) as the catalyst with 2-6 equiv of PPh3/Pd and 0.3-1.0 equiv of an iodide/chloro group.

Macromolecules published new progress about Glass transition temperature. 118-45-6 belongs to class chlorides-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C8H3ClO3, Application In Synthesis of 118-45-6.

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Gao, Min; Luo, Yanshu; Xu, Qianlan; Zhao, Yukun; Gong, Xiangnan; Xia, Yuanzhi; Hu, Lin published the artcile< A Unified Catalytic Asymmetric (4+1) and (5+1) Annulation Strategy to Access Chiral Spirooxindole-Fused Oxacycles>, Formula: C8H3ClO3, the main research area is oxindole peroxide chiral phase transfer catalyst enantioselective annulation DFT; chiral spirooxindole oxacycle stereoselective preparation; annulation reaction; organocatalysis; oxygen heterocycles; peroxides; umpolung reaction.

A unified catalytic asym. (N+1) (N=4, 5) annulation reaction of oxindoles with bifunctional peroxides has been achieved in the presence of a chiral phase-transfer catalyst (PTC). This general strategy utilizes peroxides as unique bielectrophilic four- or five-atom synthons to participate in the C-C and the subsequent umpolung C-O bond-forming reactions with one-carbon unit nucleophiles, thus providing a distinct method to access the valuable chiral spirooxindole-tetrahydrofurans and -tetrahydropyrans with good yields and high enantioselectivities under mild conditions. DFT calculations were performed to rationalize the origin of high enantioselectivity. The gram-scale syntheses and synthetic utility of the resultant products were also demonstrated.

Angewandte Chemie, International Edition published new progress about C-C bond formation. 118-45-6 belongs to class chlorides-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C8H3ClO3, Formula: C8H3ClO3.

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Ren, Dajun; Jiang, Shan; Fu, Linjun; Wang, Zhaobo; Zhang, Shuqin; Zhang, Xiaoqing; Gong, Xiangyi; Chen, Wangsheng published the artcile< Laccase immobilized on amino-functionalized magnetic Fe3O4-SiO2 core-shell material for 2,4-dichlorophenol removal>, COA of Formula: C8H3ClO3, the main research area is laccase iron oxide silicon dioxide dichlorophenol core shell material; 2,4-dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP); degradation; immobilization; laccase; magnetic.

In this study, an amino-functionalized magnetic silica microsphere material (Fe3O4-SiO2 -NH2) was prepared Using glutaraldehyde as a crosslinking agent, Trametes versicolor laccase was adsorbed-covalently bonded and immobilized on the material to prepare Laccase @ Fe3O4-SiO2 . In addition, the materials were characterized and analyzed by SEM, TEM, XRD, FT-IR and VSM. Finally, the thermal inactivation dynamics of immobilized laccase in polar/non-polar/toxic systems and the adsorption and degradation of 2,4-DCP were studied. The results showed that Laccase @ Fe3O4-SiO2 under the optimal conditions (pH 6, temperature 65° C, initial concentration of 2,4-DCP 10 mg/L), the removal rate was as high as 81.6%. Moreover, compared with free laccase, immobilized laccase had good tolerance under low pH and high-temperature conditions, and storage stability was also greatly improved. After repeated use for 7 times, Laccase @ Fe3O4-SiO2 can still maintain 59% removal rate of 2,4-DCP, which gives it the potential for industrial applications.

Environmental Technology published new progress about Adsorbed substances. 118-45-6 belongs to class chlorides-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C8H3ClO3, COA of Formula: C8H3ClO3.

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Li, Yuqing; Meng, Huifeng; Huang, Jianhua; Zhan, Chuanlang published the artcile< Analysis of effects of substituent number on device performance through structural cutting of non-fullerene acceptors by chlorination>, Related Products of 118-45-6, the main research area is chlorination organic solar cell crystallinity external quantum efficiency; fullerene-free; halogenation; polymer solar cell; small-molecule acceptor; structural cutting.

Effects of chlorination on photovoltaic performance of organic solar cells are yet largely unclear though it is emerging as a special yet effective strategy to design highly efficient non-fullerene acceptors (NFAs). Herein, a bi-chlorine-substituted NFA with regioregularity, namely, bichlorinated dithienothiophen[3.2-b]- pyrrolobenzothiadiazole (BTP-2Cl-δ), is synthesized and compared to the non-chlorinated BTP and tetra-chlorine-substituted BTP-4Cl to study the effects of Cl number on the photovoltaic performance. From BTP to BTP-2Cl-δ and BTP-4Cl, the three mols. show gradually red-shifted absorption peaks, narrowed band gaps, and lowered highest occupied MOs (HOMOs) and lowest unoccupied MOs (LUMOs). Polymer solar cells are fabricated using PM6 as the donor and the three small mols. as the acceptors. From BTP to BTP-2Cl-δ, efficiencies (8.8 vs 15.4%) are significantly enhanced due to the better film morphol. and strong crystallization of the BTP-2Cl-δ-based device, giving rise to boosted fill factors (FFs) and short-circuit current densities (JSC’s). From BTP-2Cl-δ to BTP-4Cl, although JSC’s (24.3 vs 25.0 mA cm-2) are slightly elevated due to the higher crystallinity of BTP-4Cl, leading to improved exciton dissociation and collection efficiencies, FFs (71.1 vs 68.0%) are obviously decreased owing to the unfavorable film morphol., unbalanced hole-electron mobilities, and higher charge recombination in BTP-4Cl-based devices. As such, the efficiency of the BTP-2Cl-δ-based device (15.4%) is superior to that of the BTP-4Cl-based device (14.5%). This work elucidates a design strategy by cutting the numbers of substituent chlorine to obtain desired energy levels and crystallization with optimal performance.

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces published new progress about Band gap. 118-45-6 belongs to class chlorides-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C8H3ClO3, Related Products of 118-45-6.

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Brown, Roger F. C.; Gardner, D. V.; McOmie, John F. W.; Solly, R. K. published the artcile< Pyrolysis of polycarbonyl compounds. II. Synthesis of biphenylenes from phthalic anhydrides and other carbonyl compounds>, Recommanded Product: 5-Chloroisobenzofuran-1,3-dione, the main research area is BIPHENYLENE PYROLYSES PHTHALIC ANHYDRIDES; PHTHALIC ANHYDRIDES PYROLYSES BIPHENYLENE.

Pyrolysis of phthalic anhydride or o-sulfobenzoic anhydride at 700-1100°/0.1-10 mm. produces benzyne, as shown by the formation of biphenylene (I) and triphenylene. Biphenylene and several polychloro and polymethyl derivatives were conveniently synthesized by pyrolysis of the corresponding phthalic anhydrides in 3-26% yields. These reactions afford further examples of the parallel between the pyrolytic and mass spectral fragmentations of certain aromatic carbonyl compounds The yield of biphenylene obtained by pyrolysis of compounds structurally related to phthalic anhydride can be correlated with the instability of the corresponding mol. ions in the mass spectrometer.

Australian Journal of Chemistry published new progress about Carbonyl compounds (organic) Role: RCT (Reactant), RACT (Reactant or Reagent). 118-45-6 belongs to class chlorides-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C8H3ClO3, Recommanded Product: 5-Chloroisobenzofuran-1,3-dione.

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Markezich, R. L.; Zamek, O. S.; Donahue, P. E.; Williams, F. J. published the artcile< Reactions of 4-nitrophthalic anhydride with potassium fluoride and potassium nitrite>, Quality Control of 118-45-6, the main research area is nitrophthalic anhydride substitution fluoride; fluorophthalic anhydride preparation; phthalic anhydride reaction nitrite.

The reaction of potassium fluoride with 4-nitrophthalic anhydride gave good yields of 4-fluorophthalic anhydride; the reaction was run neat at 210-240° in an aprotic solvent at a lower temperature, or in refluxing acetonitrile containing a crown ether. The potassium nitrite produced in the exchange reaction was captured by unreacted 4-nitrophthalic anhydride to give the dipotassium salt of 4-nitrophthalic acid and nitrogen oxides. The reaction of potassium nitrite with several other substituted phthalic anhydrides in DMF yielded the dipotassium salts of the resp. phthalic acids.

Journal of Organic Chemistry published new progress about Substitution reaction. 118-45-6 belongs to class chlorides-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C8H3ClO3, Quality Control of 118-45-6.

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Ding, Mengxian; Li, Haiying; Yang, Zhenhua; Li, Yuesheng; Zhang, Jin; Wang, Xuqiang published the artcile< Comparative study on polyimides from 3,3'- and 4,4'-linked diphthalic anhydride>, Product Details of C8H3ClO3, the main research area is polyimide preparation property.

1,4-Bis(2,3-dicarboxyphenoxy)benzene dianhydride, 1,4-bis(3,4-dicarboxyphenoxy)benzene dianhydride, bis(2,3-dicarboxyphenoxy) sulfide dianhydride, bis(3,4-dicarboxyphenoxy) sulfide dianhydride, and 2,3,3′,4′-tetracarboxydiphenyl sulfide dianhydride were synthesized from 3-chlorophthalic anhydride and 4-chlorophthalic anhydride. Bis(2,3-dicarboxyphenyl) sulfone and bis(3,4-dicarboxyphenyl) sulfone were obtained by the oxidation of the corresponding bis(dicarboxyphenyl) sulfide by hydrogen peroxide. The polyimides from the dianhydrides mentioned above and 4,4′-oxydianiline were prepared The properties, such as dynamic mech. behavior, thermooxidative stability, stress-strain behavior, chem. resistance, and permeability to some gases have been in investigated for the isomeric polyimides.

Journal of Applied Polymer Science published new progress about Polyethers, polyimide- Role: PRP (Properties), SPN (Synthetic Preparation), PREP (Preparation). 118-45-6 belongs to class chlorides-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C8H3ClO3, Product Details of C8H3ClO3.

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

McClelland, Robert A.; Seaman, N. Esther; Duff, James M.; Branston, R. E. published the artcile< Kinetics and equilibrium in the ammonolysis of substituted phthalimides>, Quality Control of 118-45-6, the main research area is ammonolysis phthalimide substituent effect; hydrolysis phthalimide kinetics mechanism; cyclization phthalamide kinetics mechanism.

The basic hydrolysis kinetics of the title compounds (I; R = H, 4-NO2, 4-Cl, 4-Me3C, 3-NO2, 3-Me, 3-Me3Si), to phthalamic acids, show that it involves 2 mechanisms, one of which is first order each in I and OH- and one of which (important in very concentrated MeOH) is first order in I and second order in OH-. The ammonolysis kinetics of I (R ≠ 3-Me, 3-Me3Si) show that the mechanism involves a rate-determining breakdown of the anionic form of the tetrahedral intermediate derived by the addition of NH3 to I; the ammonolysis is reversible. The phthalamide hydrolyzes to the phthalamic acid via cyclization to an intermediate I, which is observed in concentrated base, where its formation from phthalamide is more rapid than its subsequent hydrolysis. Rate constants for the cyclization (the microscopic reverse of the ammonolysis) together with those for ammonolysis provide the equilibrium constant for the ammonolysis reaction. The ammonolysis kinetics of I (R = 3-Me) show that it is reversibly converted to the phthalamide and simultaneously undergoes an irreversible hydrolysis. The ammonolysis of I (R = 3-Me3Si) occurs more quickly than hydrolysis but the equilibrium is so unfavorable that even in concentrated NH3 only a small amount of the phthalimide is formed.

Canadian Journal of Chemistry published new progress about Ammonolysis. 118-45-6 belongs to class chlorides-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C8H3ClO3, Quality Control of 118-45-6.

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Fang, Xin; Ma, Qiang; Zhang, Kai-Xia; Yao, Song-Yun; Feng, Yi; Jin, Yong-Sheng; Liang, Shuang published the artcile< Synthesis of phthalide derivatives and evaluation on their antiplatelet aggregation and antioxidant activities>, Category: chlorides-buliding-blocks, the main research area is benzothiophenone preparation antiplatelet aggregation antioxidant; Phthalide derivative; antioxidation; antiplatelet aggregation.

Benzothiophenone derivatives I [R1 = R2 = R3 = H, Cl; R4 = Et, n-Pr, i-Pr, (CH2)3CH3, (CH2)4CH3; R5 = H, OH] were designed and synthesized. In vitro antiplatelet aggregation activity screening showed that compound I [R1 = H, R2 = Cl, R3 = H, R4 = Et, R5 = H] could significantly inhibit platelet aggregation induced by arachidonic acid, compared with edaravone (p < 0.01). Meanwhile, oxidative damage models using SH-SY5Y and PC12 cells induced by H2O2 were built to evaluate the antioxidant activity of the benzothiophenone derivatives In SH-SY5Y cells, compared with aspirin, compound I [R1 = R2 = R3 = H, R4 = (CH2)3CH3, R5 = OH] significantly increased the relative cell survival rate (p < 0.05). Compared with edaravone, compound I [R1 = R2 = R3 = H, R4 = (CH2)3CH3, R5 = OH] (p < 0.01) and compound I [R1 = Cl, R2 = R3 = H, R4 = Et, R5 = H] (p < 0.05) significantly increased the relative cell survival rate. In PC12 cells, compound I [R1 = R2 = R3 = H, R4 = (CH2)3CH3, R5 = OH] (p < 0.01), compound I [R1 = Cl, R2 = R3 = H, R4 = Et, R5 = H] (p < 0.01) and compound I [R1 = H, R2 = Cl, R3 = H, R4 = n-Pr, R5 = OH] (p < 0.05) remarkably increased the cell survival rate compared with edaravone. The present study identified lead structures to develop potential anti-ischemic stroke agents. Journal of Asian Natural Products Research published new progress about Antioxidants. 118-45-6 belongs to class chlorides-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C8H3ClO3, Category: chlorides-buliding-blocks.

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics