Category: 128-09-6

Qu, Zheng-Wang; Zhu, Hui; Grimme, Stefan published the artcile< Mechanistic Insights for Dimethyl Sulfoxide Catalyzed Aromatic Chlorination Reactions>, Name: 1-Chloropyrrolidine-2,5-dione, the main research area is dimethyl sulfoxide catalyst aromatic chlorination reaction mechanism.

Recently, the DMSO O=SMe2 catalyzed aromatic chlorination reaction using N-chlorosuccinimides (NsCl) under mild conditions has proven useful for bioactive compounds potentially containing various functional groups such as amide and hydroxyl. A novel catalytic mechanism is revealed by extensive DFT calculations using the anisole PhOMe as electron-rich model substrate. The Cl+ transfer from NsCl to O=SMe2 slowly reacts via the S-chloro sulfoxonium O=SClMe2+ to the S-chloro ylide O=SClMeCH2, followed by facile Cl+ transfer from NsCl to the ylide CH2 site to initialize efficient electrophilic Cl+ transfer to nucleophilic substrates. According to the new proposal, the polarizable S and electroneg. O sites of O=SMe2 may act as efficient Cl+ and H+ shuttles, resp., in catalytic aromatic chlorination. If O=SMe2 is present in high concentration, it can trap intermediate SMe2OH+ into a stable H+-bound dimer (SMe2O)2H+ to inhibit efficient protic NsCl activation. These mechanistic insights may be generally useful for the rational design of novel dual functional halonium transfer catalysts.

ChemCatChem published new progress about Activation energy. 128-09-6 belongs to class chlorides-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C4H4ClNO2, Name: 1-Chloropyrrolidine-2,5-dione.

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Xiong, Jin; Liu, Yunyun published the artcile< Transition-Metal-free C5, C7-Dihalogenation and the Switchable C5 Halogenation of 8-Hydroxyquinolines>, Recommanded Product: 1-Chloropyrrolidine-2,5-dione, the main research area is dihalogenated hydroxyquinoline preparation; hydroxyquinoline acyl chloride halosuccinimide dihalogenation; halogenated hydroxyquinoline preparation; quinolinyl benzoate halosuccinimide halogenation.

The first example of the C5, C7-dihalogenation of 8-hydroxyquinolines based on an in situ O-acyl 8-hydroxyquinoline formation was realized under catalyst-free condition in toluene to synthesize 5,7-dihalogenated-8-hydroxyquinolines I [Ar = Ph, 4-FC6H4, 3-ClC6H4, etc.; R = H, 2-Me; X = Cl, Br, I]. Modifying the reaction conditions by directly utilizing O-acylated 8-hydroxyquinolines in the presence of AlCl3 enabled the electrophilic halogenation in the C5 position, led to the tunable synthesis of C5 halogenated products. The O-acyl group could be easily removed from the product to provide halogenated quinolines containing free hydroxyl group by simple hydrolysis.

ChemistrySelect published new progress about Esters Role: RCT (Reactant), SPN (Synthetic Preparation), RACT (Reactant or Reagent), PREP (Preparation). 128-09-6 belongs to class chlorides-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C4H4ClNO2, Recommanded Product: 1-Chloropyrrolidine-2,5-dione.

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Misawa, Rena; Matsuhashi, Chihiro; Yamaji, Minoru; Mutai, Toshiki; Yoshikawa, Isao; Houjou, Hirohiko; Noguchi, Keiichi; Maki, Shojiro; Hirano, Takashi published the artcile< Halogen-substituent effect on the spectroscopic properties of 2-phenyl-6-dimethylaminobenzothiazoles>, Name: 1-Chloropyrrolidine-2,5-dione, the main research area is halogen substituent phenyl dimethyl aminobenzothiazole spectroscopic property.

The 6-dimethylamino-2-phenylbenzothiazole (1-H) is a push-pull benzothiazole fluorophore mimicking the firefly oxyluciferin structure. We newly prepared 7-chloro and 7-bromo derivatives of 1-H and its 4-acetyl derivative (2-H), and their spectroscopic and photophys. properties were investigated. The halogenated derivatives showed the blue-shifted electronic absorption maxima and fluorescence emission maxima compared to 1-H and 2-H, resulted from the deformations of the NMe2 groups and the electron withdrawing properties of the halogen groups. In addition, the halogen substitutions accelerate intersystem crossing by heavy atom effect, resulting in a decrease in fluorescence quantum yields. Interestingly, however, the halogenated derivatives of 2-H still showed moderate fluorescence quantum yields. The halogenation effect is one of the guides to design push-pull benzothiazole fluorophores for tuning fluorescence properties.

Tetrahedron Letters published new progress about Absorption. 128-09-6 belongs to class chlorides-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C4H4ClNO2, Name: 1-Chloropyrrolidine-2,5-dione.

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Gado, Francesca; Di Cesare Mannelli, Lorenzo; Lucarini, Elena; Bertini, Simone; Cappelli, Elena; Digiacomo, Maria; Stevenson, Lesley A.; Macchia, Marco; Tuccinardi, Tiziano; Ghelardini, Carla; Pertwee, Roger G.; Manera, Clementina published the artcile< Identification of the First Synthetic Allosteric Modulator of the CB2 Receptors and Evidence of Its Efficacy for Neuropathic Pain Relief>, Related Products of 128-09-6, the main research area is oxopyridincycloheptanecarboxamide analgesic allosteric modulator synthesis cannabinoid receptor neuropathic pain.

The direct activation of cannabinoid receptors (CBRs) results in several beneficial effects; therefore several CBRs ligands have been synthesized and tested in vitro and in vivo. However, none of them reached an advanced phase of clin. development due mainly to side effects on the CNS. Medicinal chem. approaches are now engaged to develop allosteric modulators that might offer a novel therapeutic approach to achieve potential therapeutic benefits avoiding inherent side effects of orthosteric ligands. Here we identify the first ever synthesized pos. allosteric modulator (PAM) that targets CB2Rs. The evidence for this was obtained using [3H]CP55940 and [35S]GTPγS binding assays. This finding will be useful for the characterization of allosteric binding site(s) on CB2Rs which will be essential for the further development of CB2R allosteric modulators. Moreover, the new CB2R PAM displayed antinociceptive activity in vivo in an exptl. mouse model of neuropathic pain, raising the possibility that it might be a good candidate for clin. development.

Journal of Medicinal Chemistry published new progress about Analgesics. 128-09-6 belongs to class chlorides-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C4H4ClNO2, Related Products of 128-09-6.

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Luecking, U. published the artcile< Neglected sulfur(VI) pharmacophores in drug discovery: exploration of novel chemical space by the interplay of drug design and method development>, Name: 1-Chloropyrrolidine-2,5-dione, the main research area is sulfur pharmacophore drug discovery design.

Historically, sulfoximines, sulfondiimines and sulfonimidamides have been neglected pharmacophores in drug discovery even though they offer very interesting properties. This highlight shares the key learnings of various lead optimization approaches at Bayer AG that have successfully utilized these neglected sulfur(VI) functional groups to deliver multiple clin. candidates. In this context, the key synthetic methods utilized for the synthetic preparation of these unusual compounds will be outlined.

Organic Chemistry Frontiers published new progress about Antiproliferative agents. 128-09-6 belongs to class chlorides-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C4H4ClNO2, Name: 1-Chloropyrrolidine-2,5-dione.

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Li, Peng; Furuta, Takeshi; Kobayashi, Takuya published the artcile< Micro-particles as interfering substances in colorimetric residual chlorine measurement>, HPLC of Formula: 128-09-6, the main research area is microparticle interfering substance colorimetric residual chlorine measurement; Chlorination; Colorimetry; Interference; Micro-particle; Residual chlorine; Water treatment.

Conventional methods using o-tolidine and N,N-diethyl-p-phenylenediamine as colorimetric reagents have been extensively applied worldwide in residual chlorine measurement for water quality and environmental management. Different types of interferences resulting in erroneous measurements while using colorimetry have been previously reported. In this study, we exptl. demonstrated micro-particles as interfering substances in selected inorganic (five metal oxidants) and organic (microalgae) particles. The results indicated erroneous measurements (viz. color development) for three of the selected particles. These erroneous measurement levels were evaluated with reference to the chlorine concentration (in mg-Cl2/L, hereafter represented as mg/L) in relation to both representative colorimetric reagents in terms of the amount of particles and time variations. A novel viewpoint that filtration could be a possible solution to the erroneous measurement caused by such micro-particles was proposed.

Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety published new progress about Color. 128-09-6 belongs to class chlorides-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C4H4ClNO2, HPLC of Formula: 128-09-6.

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Song, Song; Li, Xinyao; Wei, Jialiang; Wang, Weijin; Zhang, Yiqun; Ai, Lingsheng; Zhu, Yuchao; Shi, Xiaomeng; Zhang, Xiaohui; Jiao, Ning published the artcile< DMSO-catalysed late-stage chlorination of (hetero)arenes>, COA of Formula: C4H4ClNO2, the main research area is arene heteroarene chlorination dimethyl sulfoxide catalyst.

A highly efficient aromatic chlorination of arenes such as 1-methyl-indazole, imidazo[1,2-a]pyrazine, phenylthiophene, anthracene, etc. that is catalyzed by DMSO with N-chlorosuccinimide as the chloro source is reported. The mild conditions, easy-availability and stability of the catalyst and reagents, as well as good functional-group tolerance, showed the approach to be a versatile protocol for the late-stage aromatic chlorination of complex natural products, e.g., papaverine, drugs, e.g., diclofenac and peptides, e.g., I. The multi-gram experiment and low-cost of N-chlorosuccinimide and DMSO show great potential for drug discovery and development in industrial applications.

Nature Catalysis published new progress about Aromatic compounds Role: PRP (Properties), RCT (Reactant), SPN (Synthetic Preparation), RACT (Reactant or Reagent), PREP (Preparation). 128-09-6 belongs to class chlorides-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C4H4ClNO2, COA of Formula: C4H4ClNO2.

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Huang, Zaihui; Qi, Zheng; Ding, Xiaohu; Liu, Chunguang published the artcile< N-chlorosuccinimide enhancing the antimicrobial effect of benzalkonium chloride on biofilm Pseudomonas aeruginosa and its interaction mechanisms>, Application In Synthesis of 128-09-6, the main research area is chlorosuccinimide benzalkonium chloride antimicrobial biofilm Pseudomonas; Quaternary ammonium cationic surfactants; antimicrobial agents; cytotoxicity; ecotoxicology.

This study investigated the influence of N-chlorosuccinimide (NCS) pretreatment on the antimicrobial effect of benzalkonium chloride (BZC, representative of QACs) against biofilm bacteria and its mechanisms. Results show that 0.04 – 0.07 mmol/L NCS pretreatment significantly increased the antimicrobial efficacy of 0.03 mmol/L BZC on biofilm cells by 30% – 70%. The main mechanisms involved membrane permeability, oxidative damage, and metabolic disorder. More precisely, NCS pretreatment increased the permeability of bacteria and reduced the activity of the electron transport system (ETS) and dehydrogenase (DHA). At the same time, the oxidative damage of both endogenous and exogenous ROS and the disorder of the antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase and catalase) further improved their combined antibacterial ability. Moreover, NCS pretreatment greatly reduced the resistance of biofilm Pseudomonas aeruginosa to BZC. The findings of the study provide a new method to effectively enhance the antimicrobial efficiency of quaternary ammonium cationic surfactants (e.g., BZC) and reduce bacterial resistance, as well as a scientific guidance for the development of new antimicrobial products.

Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part A: Toxic/Hazardous Substances & Environmental Engineering published new progress about Antibacterial agent resistance. 128-09-6 belongs to class chlorides-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C4H4ClNO2, Application In Synthesis of 128-09-6.

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Xiang, Ming; Zhou, Chao; Yang, Xiu-Long; Chen, Bin; Tung, Chen-Ho; Wu, Li-Zhu published the artcile< Visible Light-Catalyzed Benzylic C-H Bond Chlorination by a Combination of Organic Dye (Acr+-Mes) and N-Chlorosuccinimide>, Product Details of C4H4ClNO2, the main research area is alkylbenzene chlorination light photocatalyst chlorosuccinimide oxidative quenching; benzylic chloride preparation; one pot benzylic ether preparation.

By combining “”N-chlorosuccinimide (NCS)”” as the safe chlorine source with “”Acr+-Mes”” as the photocatalyst, we successfully achieved benzylic C-H bond chlorination under visible light irradiation Furthermore, benzylic chlorides could be converted to benzylic ethers smoothly in a one-pot manner by adding sodium methoxide. This mild and scalable chlorination method worked effectively for diverse toluene derivatives, especially for electron-deficient substrates. Careful mechanistic studies supported that NCS provided a hydrogen abstractor “”N-centered succinimidyl radical,”” which was responsible for the cleavage of the benzylic C-H bond, relying on the reducing ability of Acr•-Mes.

Journal of Organic Chemistry published new progress about Alkylbenzenes Role: RCT (Reactant), SPN (Synthetic Preparation), RACT (Reactant or Reagent), PREP (Preparation). 128-09-6 belongs to class chlorides-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C4H4ClNO2, Product Details of C4H4ClNO2.

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Giannini, Clelia; Forni, Alessandra; Malpicci, Daniele; Lucenti, Elena; Marinotto, Daniele; Previtali, Andrea; Carlucci, Lucia; Cariati, Elena published the artcile< Room Temperature Phosphorescence from Organic Materials: Unravelling the Emissive Behaviour of Chloro-Substituted Derivatives of Cyclic Triimidazole>, Reference of 128-09-6, the main research area is room temperature phosphorescence chloro substituted cyclic triimidazole.

Purely organic luminophores that exhibit room temperature phosphorescence (RTP) are receiving an ever-growing attention. The design of efficient RTP materials and the understanding of their emissive behavior, however, remain a challenging task. Herein, to gain further insights into metal-free RTP, we report the synthesis, characterization, and photophys. study of chloro-derivatives of [1,2-a:1′,2′-c:1”,2”-e][1,3,5]triazine or cyclic triimidazole (TT). Mono- (1Cl), di- (2Cl) and tri-chloro-TT (3Cl) derivatives are prepared by mild chlorination with N-chlorosuccinimide (NCS). The three compounds are characterized by aggregation-induced emission (AIE) comprising dual fluorescence and multiple phosphorescences, whose origin is disclosed by crystal structure anal. together with accurate DFT/TDDFT calculations Comparison with previously reported bromine and iodine TT derivatives reveals the new chlorinated compounds as the best performing halogenated AIE members of the family.

European Journal of Organic Chemistry published new progress about Aggregation-induced emission. 128-09-6 belongs to class chlorides-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C4H4ClNO2, Reference of 128-09-6.

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics