Category: 13820-53-6

Defective Layered Double Hydroxide Nanosheet Boosts Electrocatalytic Hydrodechlorination Reaction on Supported Palladium Nanoparticles was written by Lv, Xiaoshu;Jiang, Kanxin;Wu, Hong;Ao, Liang;Hu, Lin;Li, Xiaoyu;Shen, Fei;Shi, Li;Dong, Fan;Jiang, Guangming. And the article was included in ACS ES&T Water in 2022.SDS of cas: 13820-53-6 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Electrocatalytic hydrodechlorination on Pd, utilizing the H+ of H₂O as hydrogen sources, represents a promising technol. to detoxify the chlorinated organic pollutants (COPs) in water bodies. However, Pd alone affords limited activity due to its low efficacy in H₂O disassocn. and the poor mass diffusion of COPs that are commonly of low concentrations in the environment. Herein, we demonstrate that arming Pd with OH- vacancy-bearing NiAl-layered double hydroxide nanosheets (Pd/NixAl100-x-LDH-OHv) can significantly improve its performance, benefiting from the enhanced H₂O disassocn. at OHv and the facilitated C-Cl cleavage on the supported Pd nanoparticles. Al3+ is also indispensable because it promotes the formation and regeneration of OHv, but an overload will reduce the number of accessible OHv and weaken its function. Pd/Ni67Al33-LDH-OHv with the optimal Ni/Al ratio delivers a peak specific activity of 0.53 min-1 m-2 and mass activity of 6.54 min^-1 g-1Pd in treating 50.0 mg L^-1 2,4-dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP, a probe COP) at -0.25 V vs. RHE, outperforming most of the reported catalysts. To address the mass diffusion issue, Pd/Ni₆₇Al₃₃-LDH-OHv is integrated into a customized continuous-flow membrane cell. When fed a dilute wastewater (20.4 mg L^-1), the system affords a 2,4-DCP removal rate of 3.75 g2,4-DCP gcatalyst-1 h-1 and faradaic current efficiency of 42.6%, which is 3.2 and 4.0 times that obtained in a traditional batch reaction system, resp. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as Sodium tetrachloropalladate(II) (cas: 13820-53-6SDS of cas: 13820-53-6).

Sodium tetrachloropalladate(II) (cas: 13820-53-6) belongs to organic chlorides. Organochlorines stimulate the central nervous system and cause convulsions, tremor, nausea, and mental confusion. Examples are dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), chlordane, lindane, endosulfan, and dieldrin. Aliphatic organochlorides are often alkylating agents as chlorine can act as a leaving group, which can result in cellular damage.SDS of cas: 13820-53-6

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Synthesis, characterization, antibacterial, antifungal and antithrombotic activity studies of new chiral selenated Schiff bases and their Pd complexes was written by K. M., PrabhuKumar;C. E., Satheesh;P., RaghavendraKumar;M. N. S., Kumar;K., Lingaraju;P. A., Suchetan;H., Rajanaika. And the article was included in Journal of Molecular Structure in 2022.Electric Literature of Cl4Na2Pd The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Two new chiral selenated Schiff bases were synthesized on condensation of a chiral selenated amine, (R)-2-(benzylselanyl)-1-phenylethanamine with 3,5-di-tert-butyl-2-hydroxybenzaldehyde ((R)-L¹H) and 2-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzaldehyde ((R)-L²H), resp. Reactions of ligands (R)-L¹H and (R)-L²H with Na₂[PdCl₄] yielded the corresponding palladium complexes [PdCl((R)-L^1-2)] ((R)-1 and (R)-2), resp. The new ligands and complexes were characterized by ¹H, ¹³C{¹H} NMR, FTIR spectroscopy and elemental analyses. The mol. structures of ligand (R)-L¹H and its Pd complex (R)-1 were determined by single crystal x-ray diffraction. These selenated Schiff base ligands and their palladium complexes were screened for dose-dependent antimicrobial and antithrombotic activities. Among these compounds, the ligand (R)-L²H and its Pd complex (R)-2 which are derived from ortho-vanillin showed higher antimicrobial and antithrombotic activities. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as Sodium tetrachloropalladate(II) (cas: 13820-53-6Electric Literature of Cl4Na2Pd).

Sodium tetrachloropalladate(II) (cas: 13820-53-6) belongs to organic chlorides. Organochlorines are organic compounds having multiple chlorine atoms. They were the first synthetic pesticides that were used in agriculture. They are resistant to most microbial and chemical degradations. Alkanes and aryl alkanes may be chlorinated under free radical conditions, with UV light. However, the extent of chlorination is difficult to control.Electric Literature of Cl4Na2Pd

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Preparation of Various Nanomaterials via Controlled Gelation of a Hydrophilic Polymer Bearing Metal-Coordination Units with Metal Ions was written by Nagai, Daisuke;Isobe, Naoki;Inoue, Tatsushi;Okamoto, Shusuke;Maki, Yasuyuki;Yamanobe, Takeshi. And the article was included in Gels in 2022.Related Products of 13820-53-6 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

We investigated the gelation of a hydrophilic polymer with metal-coordination units (HPMC) and metal ions (Pd^II or Au^III). Gelation proceeded by addition of an HPMC solution in N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) to a metal ion aqueous solution An increase in the composition ratio of the metal-coordination units from 10 mol% to 34 mol% (HPMC-34) increased the crosslinking rate with Au^III. Crosslinking immediately occurred after dropwise addition of an HPMC-34 solution to the Au^III solution, generating the separation between the phases of HPMC-34 and Au^III. The crosslinking of Au^III proceeded from the surface to the inside of the HPMC-34 droplets, affording spherical gels. In contrast, a decrease in the ratio of metal-coordination units from 10 mol% to 4 mol% (HPMC-4) decreased the Pd^II crosslinking rate. The crosslinking occurred gradually and the gels extended to the bottom of the vessel, forming fibrous gels. On the basis of the mechanism for the formation of gels with different morphologies, the gelation of HPMC-34 and Au^III provided nanosheets via gelation at the interface between the Au^III solution and the HPMC-34 solution The gelation of HPMC-4 and Pd^II afforded nanofibers by a facile method, i.e., dropwise addition of the HPMC-4 solution to the Pd^II solution These results demonstrated that changing the composition ratio of the metal-coordination units in HPMC can control the gelation behavior, resulting in different types of nanomaterials. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as Sodium tetrachloropalladate(II) (cas: 13820-53-6Related Products of 13820-53-6).

Sodium tetrachloropalladate(II) (cas: 13820-53-6) belongs to organic chlorides. Organic chlorides can be used in production of: PVC, pesticides, chloromethane, teflon, insulators. Aryl chlorides may be prepared by the Friedel-Crafts halogenation, using chlorine and a Lewis acid catalyst.Related Products of 13820-53-6

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Insights into Transformation of Icosahedral PdRu Nanocrystals into Lattice-Expanded Nanoframes with Strain Enhancement in Electrochemical Redox Reactions was written by Kao, Chen-Rui;Yeh, Ai-Hsuan;Chen, Bo-Hao;Lyu, Lian-Ming;Chuang, Yu-Chun;Sneed, Brian T.;Kuo, Chun-Hong. And the article was included in Chemistry of Materials in 2022.Computed Properties of Cl4Na2Pd The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Bimetallic icosahedral nanoframes have three-dimensional open structures, a high surface-area-to-volume ratio, and high surface site availability. Twin boundaries in these structures cause surface lattice expansion that leads to tensile strain over the nanoframes, which can improve their catalytic activity; however, robust methods for their synthesis in most metal systems are still lacking. In this work, we demonstrate a one-step synthetic strategy for the synthesis of both closed solid and hollow frame icosahedral PdRu nanoparticles (INPs) via a two-stage process of growth and dissolution By extraction at different reaction times, INPs, concave-faceted icosahedral PdRu nanoparticles (CINPs), and icosahedral PdRu nanoframes (INFs) are obtained. High-angle annular dark-field scanning transmission electron microscopy-energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry analyses show that the icosahedral nanostructures are PdRu alloys with ~5 at. % Ru relative to Pd. We also carried out the electrochem. ethanol oxidation reaction (EOR) and CO₂ reduction reaction over three types of catalysts, PdRu INPs, PdRu CINPs, and PdRu INFs, as well as com. Pd NPs, to examine their catalytic properties. PdRu INFs showed a much higher mass activity than PdRu INPs, PdRu CINPs, and Pd NPs in the EOR. PdRu INFs exhibited the highest Faradaic efficiency of CO gas (34%), which suggests that the expansive strain in the framework catalyst structure improves selectivity and activity for CO₂ conversion. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as Sodium tetrachloropalladate(II) (cas: 13820-53-6Computed Properties of Cl4Na2Pd).

Sodium tetrachloropalladate(II) (cas: 13820-53-6) belongs to organic chlorides. Chlorinated organic compounds are found in nearly every class of biomolecules and natural products including alkaloids, terpenes, amino acids, flavonoids, steroids, and fatty acids. Organochlorine compounds are lipophylic, meaning they are more soluble in fat than in water. This gives them a high tenancy to accumulate in the food chain (biomagnification).Computed Properties of Cl4Na2Pd

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Nano Pd doped Ni foam electrode stimulated electrochemical reduction of tetrabromobisphenol A: Optimization strategies and function mechanism was written by Lin, Xiao-Qiu;You, Jia-Mei;Meng, Ling-Yu;Yoshida, Naoko;Han, Jing-Long;Li, Cong-Ju;Wang, Ai-Jie;Li, Zhi-Ling. And the article was included in Science of the Total Environment in 2022.Safety of Sodium tetrachloropalladate(II) The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA), a hazardous and persistent flame retardant, has been widely detected in the natural aquatic system. The acceleration of reductive debromination (rate-limiting process) is vital during the decomposition and detoxification of TBBPA. This study achieved superior TBBPA electrochem. reductive debromination performance by nano Pd doped Ni foam electrode (4.8 times higher than Ni foam electrode). The optimal TBBPA reductive debromination performance was obtained under -1.2 V of cathode potential, 1.2 wt% of Pd loading, 10 mg L-1 of TBBPA and 100 mM of Na2SO4 as the electrolyte solution UPLC-QTOF-MS verified that Br atoms in TBBPA were removed sequentially to form bisphenol A as the major product. Most TBBPA was reductively debrominated by at. H* through indirect hydrodebromination, evidenced by the at. H* quenching test. The higher solution conductivity and appropriate TBBPA concentration would contribute to the debromination efficiency. Excessive H₂ generation whether by over neg. potential or H atom richness electrolyte largely disturbed the reaction process and restricted the debromination. The improved generation of reductant (H*)adsPd was the most significant, while excessive Pd loading would make aggregation and limit the debromination efficiency. The study confirmed the optimization strategies of conditions for Pd/Ni foam electrode and revealed the related function mechanism for stimulating TBBPA electrochem. reduction, giving suggestions for the efficient removal of TBBPA in the aquatic environment. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as Sodium tetrachloropalladate(II) (cas: 13820-53-6Safety of Sodium tetrachloropalladate(II)).

Sodium tetrachloropalladate(II) (cas: 13820-53-6) belongs to organic chlorides. Organic chlorides can cause corrosion in pipelines, valves and condensers, and cause catalyst poisoning. The hydrocarbon processing industry (HPI) and others are affected by damage caused by these substances.While alkyl bromides and iodides are more reactive, alkyl chlorides tend to be less expensive and more readily available. Alkyl chlorides readily undergo attack by nucleophiles.Safety of Sodium tetrachloropalladate(II)

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

A novel electrochemical aptasensor for serum dopamine detection based on methylene blue-integrated m-PdNFs signal material was written by Zhang, Chengli;You, Xun;Li, Yuliang;Zuo, Yuanyuan;Wang, Wei;Li, DanDan;Huang, ShengWei;Hu, Hangzhi;Yuan, Feng;Shao, Fuqiang;Yin, Minggang. And the article was included in Sensors and Actuators, B: Chemical in 2022.Synthetic Route of Cl4Na2Pd The following contents are mentioned in the article:

In this work, an aptamer was used as an identifying mol. and a novel amplification strategy based on Ce-MOF and m-PdNFs-G4-MBs for the sensitive detection of dopamine (DA) is demonstrated. Notably, a novel dopamine aptamer with higher affinity and specificity was chosen, and the PdNF was functionalized with MB via embeddedness and surface decoration for enhancing the intensity of electrochem. signal. The synthesized m-PdNFs-G4-MBs nanocomposite not only acts as the electrochem. indicator but also to label single-stranded DNA (S2) to acquire signaling probes (m-PdNFs-S2-G4-MBs) as a nanocarrier. Besides, an -NH2 modified single-strand DNA (S1) is designed, and form an S1-AP double-strand by annealing reaction with aptamer (AP), then the S1-AP is fixed on the Ce-MOF surface, decorated on electrode. In the presence of DA, DA bind to the AP and S1 regain single-stranded structure. And then, the single-stranded S1 recognizes m-PdNFs-S2-G4-MBs and captures them, ultimately producing an enhanced elec. signal. Due to the extraordinary conductive performance of Ce-MOF and the signal amplification of m-PdNFs-S2-G4-MBs, the new detection platform achieves a min. detection limit to 6 pmol/L for DA and with a good specificity. Prominently, the results obtained from our platform for serum DA detection are highly consistent with the UPLC-MS method. These results suggest that this new platform has the potential to provide a convenient and efficient tool for the diagnosis of multiple neurol. disorders in the future. This work also provides a good strategy for the construction of other biomol. sensors. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as Sodium tetrachloropalladate(II) (cas: 13820-53-6Synthetic Route of Cl4Na2Pd).

Sodium tetrachloropalladate(II) (cas: 13820-53-6) belongs to organic chlorides. Chlorination modifies the physical properties of hydrocarbons in several ways. These compounds are typically denser than water due to the higher atomic weight of chlorine versus hydrogen.While alkyl bromides and iodides are more reactive, alkyl chlorides tend to be less expensive and more readily available. Alkyl chlorides readily undergo attack by nucleophiles.Synthetic Route of Cl4Na2Pd

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Palladium (Pd⁰) Loading-Controlled Catalytic Activity and Selectivity for Chlorophenol Hydrodechlorination and Hydrosaturation was written by Luo, Yi-Hao;Cai, Yuhang;Long, Xiangxing;Zhou, Dandan;Zhou, Chen;Rittmann, Bruce E.. And the article was included in Environmental Science & Technology in 2022.HPLC of Formula: 13820-53-6 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Reductive catalysis by zero-valent palladium nanoparticles (Pd⁰NPs) has emerged as an efficient strategy for promoting the detoxification of chlorophenols (CPs) via hydrogenation. Most studies achieved hydrodechlorination of CP to phenol for detoxification, but it requires considerably high energy input and harsh conditions to further hydrosaturate phenol to cyclohexanone (CHN) as the most desired product for resource recovery. This study documented 4-CP hydrodechlorination and hydrosatn. catalyzed by Pd⁰NPs deposited on H₂-transfer membranes in the H₂-based membrane catalyst-film reactor, which yielded up to 99% CHN selectivity under ambient conditions. It was further discovered that the Pd⁰ morphol. and size, both determined by Pd⁰ loading, were the key factors controlling the catalytic activity and selectivity: while sub-nano Pd particles catalyzed only 4-CP hydrodechlorination, Pd⁰NPs were able to catalyze the subsequent hydrosatn. that requires more Pd⁰ reactive sites than hydrodechlorination. In addition, better dispersion of Pd⁰, caused by lower Pd⁰ loading, yielded higher activity for hydrodechlorination but lower activity for hydrosatn. During the 15 day continuous tests, the substantial product from 4-CP hydrogenation was constantly phenol (>98%) for 0.2 g-Pd/m² and CHN (>92%) for 1.0 g-Pd/m². This study opens the door for selectively manipulating desired products from Pd⁰-catalyzed CP hydrogenation under ambient conditions. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as Sodium tetrachloropalladate(II) (cas: 13820-53-6HPLC of Formula: 13820-53-6).

Sodium tetrachloropalladate(II) (cas: 13820-53-6) belongs to organic chlorides. Organic chlorides can be used in production of: PVC, pesticides, chloromethane, teflon, insulators. Aliphatic organochlorides are often alkylating agents as chlorine can act as a leaving group, which can result in cellular damage.HPLC of Formula: 13820-53-6

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Kinetics-controlled synthesis of gold-silver nanosheets with abundant in-plane cracking and their trimetallic derivatives for plasmon-enhanced catalysis was written by Zheng, Yiqun;Zhang, Gongguo;Ma, Yanyun;Kong, Yuhan;Liu, Feng;Liu, Maochang. And the article was included in CrystEngComm in 2022.COA of Formula: Cl4Na2Pd The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Controlled synthesis of two-dimensional noble metal nanomaterials with an in-plane branching morphol. has been of great research interest recently, but has so far achieved limited success for AuAg-based nanocrystals. Herein, we report the fabrication of gold-silver (AuAg) nanosheets with abundant in-plane cracking and sub-10 nm thickness via one-pot kinetics-controlled synthesis. In particular, the dropwise addition of Au/Ag precursor solutions into a mixture of octadecyltrimethylammonium chloride and ascorbic acid, kept in an ice-water bath, leads to the formation of nanobelts/nanowires initially, followed by their growth into branched nanosheets. These AuAg products can further convert to AuAgM (M = Pd or Pt) nanosheets via galvanic replacement reaction under ambient conditions. Interestingly, the AuAgPd nanosheets are obtained with a Au@PdAg core-shell elemental distribution with many zigzag edges. In contrast, the AuAgPt nanosheets show a homogeneous distribution of all three metals, together with a highly stippled surface. All these AuAg-based nanosheets exhibit strong absorbance in the near-IR region and thus show superb activities as photocatalysts for UV-vis light-assisted reduction of 4-nitrophenol due to the effect of plasmon enhancement. The present study provides a feasible route to generating AuAg-based multimetallic nanocrystals with a two-dimensional structure, in-plane branching morphol., and effective control over the elemental distribution, which could be potentially extended to other noble metals and/or alloys for the rational design of plasmonic photocatalysts. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as Sodium tetrachloropalladate(II) (cas: 13820-53-6COA of Formula: Cl4Na2Pd).

Sodium tetrachloropalladate(II) (cas: 13820-53-6) belongs to organic chlorides. Organochlorines are organic compounds having multiple chlorine atoms. They were the first synthetic pesticides that were used in agriculture. They are resistant to most microbial and chemical degradations. The haloform reaction, using chlorine and sodium hydroxide, is also able to generate alkyl halides from methyl ketones, and related compounds. Chloroform was formerly produced thus.COA of Formula: Cl4Na2Pd

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Promising bio-active complexes of platinum(II) and palladium(II) derived from heterocyclic thiourea: Synthesis, characterization, DFT, molecular docking, and anti-cancer studies was written by Faihan, Ahmed S.;Hatshan, Mohammad R.;Kadhim, Mustafa M.;Alqahtani, Ali S.;Nasr, Fahd A.;Saleh, Abdulrahman M.;Al-Jibori, Subhi A.;Al-Janabi, Ahmed S.. And the article was included in Journal of Molecular Structure in 2022.Safety of Sodium tetrachloropalladate(II) The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Four platinum(II) and palladium(II) heterocyclic thiourea complexes were prepared; [Pt(CPPT)₂] (1), [Pd(CPPT)₂] (2), [Pt(MPPT)₂] (3), and [Pd(MPPT)₂] (4) (Where HCPPT = 1-(5-chloropyridin-2-yl)-3-phenylthiourea, HMPPT = 1-(3-methylpyridin-2-yl)-3-phenylthiourea). Both the ligands and the complexes were characterized by different spectroscopic techniques including: FTIR, ¹H, ¹³C-{¹H} NMR and Mass spectroscopy. The spectroscopic data anal. suggested that the complexes (1–4) adopt a square planar geometry with cis-configuration of platinum and trans- configuration of palladium complexes. Antiproliferative data indicated that palladium(II) complexes exerted a potent cytotoxic activity in comparison with platinum(II) complexes. Among all tested complexes, [Pd(MPPT)₂] exhibited a promising activity with an IC₅₀ value of 10.44 and 17.7μM against colon cancer cell lines (LoVo) and breast cancer cell lines (MCF-7), resp. Theor. calculations were applied to estimate the phys. properties and the inhibition activity of cancer cells by docking. Gaussian 09 software with 6-311G (d, p) basis set was used for theor. study. Furthermore, quantum chem. parameters of HOMO, LUMO, dipole moment, energy gap and other parameters were used to evaluate the complexes activity. MGL tools and DSV software were used to test the complexes inhibitions of breast cancer by blocking the damage cells. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as Sodium tetrachloropalladate(II) (cas: 13820-53-6Safety of Sodium tetrachloropalladate(II)).

Sodium tetrachloropalladate(II) (cas: 13820-53-6) belongs to organic chlorides. Organic chlorides can be used in production of: PVC, pesticides, chloromethane, teflon, insulators. Aliphatic organochlorides are often alkylating agents as chlorine can act as a leaving group, which can result in cellular damage.Safety of Sodium tetrachloropalladate(II)

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Facile synthesis of low-dimensional PdPt nanocrystals for high-performance electrooxidation of C 2 alcohols was written by Gao, Fei;Zhang, Yangping;Zou, Bin;Jiang, Fengxing;Li, Zhuolin;Du, Yukou. And the article was included in Journal of Colloid and Interface Science in 2022.COA of Formula: Cl4Na2Pd The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Low-dimensional noble-metal materials (LDNMs) with different structural advantages have been considered as the high-performance catalysts for C2 alc. electrooxidation However, it is still a great challenging to precisely construct nanomaterials with low-dimensional composite structure thus to take advantages of various dimension, especial without the surfactant participation. Most studies focus on the modulation of the single dimensional nanocatalysts, the correlation between electrocatalytic performances and low-dimension composite have been rarely reported. Herein, we engineered a simple one-step approach to design multi-low-dimensional PdPt nanomaterials by using different Pd precursors. The low-dimensional PdPt nanocrystals (NCs) composed of zero dimension (0D) dendrite-like nanoparticles and two dimension (2D) nanosheets were obtained by using Pd(OAc)₂, and meanwhile the 2D PdPt nanosheet assemblies (NAs) were synthesized by the introduction of NaPdCl₄. Specifically, benefitting from the unique low-dimension structures with fast electron/mass transfer, and optimized electronic and synergistic effect, the multi-low-dimensional 0D-2D PdPt NCs showed the highest ethanol oxidation reaction (EOR)/ethylene glycol oxidation reaction (EGOR) mass activities, which were much higher than 2D PdPt NAs. The 0D-2D PdPt NCs also exhibited the highest structural stability. Generally, this work could inspire more advanced designs for surfactant-free synthesis and promote the fundamental engineering on nanocatalysts with low-dimension composite structure for electrocatalytic fields. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as Sodium tetrachloropalladate(II) (cas: 13820-53-6COA of Formula: Cl4Na2Pd).

Sodium tetrachloropalladate(II) (cas: 13820-53-6) belongs to organic chlorides. Organochlorines stimulate the central nervous system and cause convulsions, tremor, nausea, and mental confusion. Examples are dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), chlordane, lindane, endosulfan, and dieldrin.While alkyl bromides and iodides are more reactive, alkyl chlorides tend to be less expensive and more readily available. Alkyl chlorides readily undergo attack by nucleophiles.COA of Formula: Cl4Na2Pd

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics