Category: 637-07-0

Selmani, Aymane published the artcileTransition-Metal-Free, Formal C-H Germylation of Arenes and Styrenes via Dibenzothiophenium Salts, Application In Synthesis of 637-07-0, the publication is Organic Letters (2021), 23(12), 4779-4784, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

We report an operationally simple, selective, and transition-metal-free germylation of arenes and styrenes at room temperature, using a robust and bench-stable Ge source (R₃Ge-SiR₃) and dibenzothiophenium salts as enabling intermediates. The first direct engagement in cross-coupling of the newly made E-alkenyl germanes is also presented, allowing the chemoselective arylation under air-tolerant nanoparticle catalysis.

Organic Letters published new progress about 637-07-0. 637-07-0 belongs to chlorides-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Inhibitor,Cell Cycle,PPAR, name is Ethyl 2-(4-chlorophenoxy)-2-methylpropanoate, and the molecular formula is C16H12O, Application In Synthesis of 637-07-0.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chloride,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Ibarra-Lara, L. published the artcileClofibrate improves myocardial ischemia-induced damage through regulation of renin-angiotensin system and favours a pro-vasodilator profile in left ventricle, Formula: C12H15ClO3, the publication is Journal of Pharmacological Sciences (Amsterdam, Netherlands) (2020), 144(4), 218-228, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

Myocardial ischemia initiates a chain of pathol. conditions leading to cardiomyocyte death. Therefore, pharmacol. treatment to stop ischemia-induced damage is necessary. Fibrates, have been reported to decrease inflammatory markers and to modulate the renin-angiotensin system (RAS). Our aim was to explore if clofibrate treatment, administered one week after myocardial event, decreases MI-induced cardiac damage. Wistar rats were assigned to: 1. Sham or 2. Coronary artery ligation (MI). Seven days after, rats were subdivided to receive vehicle (V) or clofibrate [100 mg/kg (C)] daily for 7 days. Blood samples and left ventricle were analyzed. RAS components [angiotensin II, angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE), and AT1-receptor] decreased in MI-C compared to MI-V, while [Ang-(1-7), bradykinin, ACE-2, and AT2-receptor] raised in response to clofibrate treatment. Oxidative stress markers increased in MI-V rats, a profile reverted in MI-C rats. Nitric oxide (NO) pathway (Akt, eNOS, and NO) exhibits a lower participation in MI-V, but clofibrate raised NO-pathway components and its production MI-induced fibrosis and structural damage was also improved by clofibrate-treatment. In conclusion, clofibrate administration to 7 days MI-rats exerts an antioxidant, pro-vasodilator expression profile, and anti-fibrotic effect suggesting that PPARα activation can be considered a therapeutic target to improve cardiac condition posterior to ischemia.

Journal of Pharmacological Sciences (Amsterdam, Netherlands) published new progress about 637-07-0. 637-07-0 belongs to chlorides-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Inhibitor,Cell Cycle,PPAR, name is Ethyl 2-(4-chlorophenoxy)-2-methylpropanoate, and the molecular formula is C12H15ClO3, Formula: C12H15ClO3.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chloride,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Saheb Sharif-Askari, Narjes published the artcileEffect of common medications on the expression of SARS-CoV-2 entry receptors in kidney tissue, Formula: C12H15ClO3, the publication is Clinical and Translational Science (2020), 13(6), 1048-1054, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

Besides the respiratory system, severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection was shown to affect other essential organs such as the kidneys. Early kidney involvement during the course of infection was associated with worse outcomes, which could be attributed to the direct SARS-CoV-2 infection of kidney cells. In this study, the effect of commonly used medications on the expression of SARS-CoV-2 receptor, angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE)2, and TMPRSS2 protein in kidney tissues was evaluated. This was done by in silico analyses of publicly available transcriptomic databases of kidney tissues of rats treated with multiple doses of commonly used medications. Of 59 tested medications, 56% modified ACE2 expression, whereas 24% modified TMPRSS2 expression. ACE2 was increased with only a few of the tested medication groups, namely the renin-angiotensin inhibitors, such as enalapril, antibacterial agents, such as nitrofurantoin, and the proton pump inhibitor, omeprazole. The majority of the other medications decreased ACE2 expression to variable degrees with allopurinol and cisplatin causing the most noticeable downregulation. The expression level of TMPRSS2 was increased with a number of medications, such as diclofenac, furosemide, and dexamethasone, whereas other medications, such as allopurinol, suppressed the expression of this gene. The prolonged exposure to combinations of these medications could regulate the expression of ACE2 and TMPRSS2 in a way that may affect kidney susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection. Data presented here suggest that the authors should be vigilant about the potential effects of commonly used medications on kidney tissue expression of ACE2 and TMPRSS2.

Clinical and Translational Science published new progress about 637-07-0. 637-07-0 belongs to chlorides-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Inhibitor,Cell Cycle,PPAR, name is Ethyl 2-(4-chlorophenoxy)-2-methylpropanoate, and the molecular formula is C12H15ClO3, Formula: C12H15ClO3.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chloride,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Rooney, John published the artcileA Gene Expression Biomarker Identifies Chemical Modulators of Estrogen Receptor α in an MCF-7 Microarray Compendium, Related Products of chlorides-buliding-blocks, the publication is Chemical Research in Toxicology (2021), 34(2), 313-329, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

Identification of chems. that affect hormone-regulated systems will help to predict endocrine disruption. In our previous study, a 46 gene biomarker was found to be an accurate predictor of estrogen receptor (ER) α modulation in chem. treated MCF-7 cells. Here, potential ERα modulators were identified using the biomarker by screening a microarray compendium consisting of ∼1600 gene expression comparisons representing exposure to ∼1200 chems. A total of ∼170 chems. were identified as potential ERα modulators. In the Connectivity Map 2.0 collection, 75 and 39 chems. were predicted to activate or suppress ERα, and they included 12 and 6 known ERα agonists and antagonists/selective ERα modulators, resp. Nineteen and 8 of the total number were also identified as active in an ERα trans-activation assay carried out in a MCF-7-derived cell line used to screen the Tox21 10K chem. library in agonist or antagonist modes, resp. Chems. predicted to modulate ERα in MCF-7 cells were examined further using global and targeted gene expression in wild-type and ERα-null cells, trans-activation assays, and cell-free ERα coregulator interaction assays. Environmental chems. classified as weak and very weak agonists were confirmed to activate ERα including apigenin, kaempferol, and oxybenzone. Novel activators included digoxin, nabumetone, ivermectin, and six progestins. Novel suppressors included emetine, mifepristone, niclosamide, and proscillaridin. Our strategy will be useful to identify environmentally relevant ERα modulators in future high-throughput transcriptomic screens.

Chemical Research in Toxicology published new progress about 637-07-0. 637-07-0 belongs to chlorides-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Inhibitor,Cell Cycle,PPAR, name is Ethyl 2-(4-chlorophenoxy)-2-methylpropanoate, and the molecular formula is C12H15ClO3, Related Products of chlorides-buliding-blocks.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chloride,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Gosset, Antoine published the artcileEcotoxicological risk assessment of micropollutants from treated urban wastewater effluents for watercourses at a territorial scale: Application and comparison of two approaches, Recommanded Product: Ethyl 2-(4-chlorophenoxy)-2-methylpropanoate, the publication is International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health (2020), 113437, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

In most cases, urban Wastewater Treatment Plants (WWTP) only partially abate pollutants occurring in the influent. Treated effluents can thus contain a complex mixture of ecotoxic pollutants, such as heavy metals, detergents, disinfectants, plasticizers, pharmaceuticals residues or pesticides. In this context, Ecotoxicol. Risk Assessment (ERA) provide essential decision-making tools to public authorities for establishing environmental policies and conducting territorial planning. The present work aims to develop a territorial-scale ERA methodol. using two complementary approaches based on a Risk Quotient (RQ) calculation: (1) the first, based on the risk linked to each individual pollutant (single substances ERA); (2) the second, considering all pollutants present, and the “cocktail effect” (mixture ERA). This research was performed at 33 urban WWTPs of in a highly urbanized part of France (Lyon area). Initial min., median and maximum pollutant concentrations in treated effluents were obtained from a literature review of physico-chem. anal. studies, to reconstitute “typical” effluents. The classical approach (single substances ERA) identified the riskiest substances (e.g. endocrine disruptors, as the Estrone with RQ up to 593.75), and showed the risks for each WWTP. The mixture ERA approach revealed new risks, which were not highlighted in the classical ERA approach, thus increasing the number of WWTPs identified as at risk. This study shows the importance of accounting for the cocktail effect, which is not considered in current regulatory decisions. Finally, this methodol. allowed us to identify the riskiest situations (often medium sized WWTPs, releasing into small streams), that could worsen in the context of climate change.

International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health published new progress about 637-07-0. 637-07-0 belongs to chlorides-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Inhibitor,Cell Cycle,PPAR, name is Ethyl 2-(4-chlorophenoxy)-2-methylpropanoate, and the molecular formula is C12H15ClO3, Recommanded Product: Ethyl 2-(4-chlorophenoxy)-2-methylpropanoate.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chloride,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Lin, Xi published the artcileEffects of dietary anaplerotic and ketogenic energy sources on renal fatty acid oxidation induced by clofibrate in suckling neonatal pigs, Computed Properties of 637-07-0, the publication is International Journal of Molecular Sciences (2020), 21(3), 726, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

Maintaining an active fatty acid metabolism is important for renal growth, development, and health. We evaluated the effects of anaplerotic and ketogenic energy sources on fatty acid oxidation during stimulation with clofibrate, a pharmacol. peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα) agonist. Suckling newborn pigs (n = 72) were assigned into 8 dietary treatments following a 2 x 4 factorial design: ± clofibrate (0.35%) and diets containing 5% of either (1) glycerol-succinate (GlySuc), (2) tri-valerate (TriC5), (3) tri-hexanoate (TriC6), or (4) tri-2-methylpentanoate (Tri2MPA). Pigs were housed individually and fed the iso-caloric milk replacer diets for 5 d. Renal fatty acid oxidation was measured in vitro in fresh tissue homogenates using [1-14C]-labeled palmitic acid. The oxidation was 30% greater in pig received clofibrate and 25% greater (p < 0.05) in pigs fed the TriC6 diet compared to those fed diets with GlySuc, TriC5, and Tri2MPA. Addition of carnitine also stimulated the oxidation by twofold (p < 0.05). The effects of TriC6 and carnitine on palmitic acid oxidation were not altered by clofibrate stimulation. However, renal fatty acid composition was altered by clofibrate and Tri2MPA. In conclusion, modification of anaplerosis or ketogenesis via dietary substrates had no influence on in vitro renal palmitic acid oxidation induced by PPARα activation.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences published new progress about 637-07-0. 637-07-0 belongs to chlorides-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Inhibitor,Cell Cycle,PPAR, name is Ethyl 2-(4-chlorophenoxy)-2-methylpropanoate, and the molecular formula is C12H15ClO3, Computed Properties of 637-07-0.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chloride,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

von Hellfeld, Rebecca published the artcileSpecificity of time- and dose-dependent morphological endpoints in the fish embryo acute toxicity (FET) test for substances with diverse modes of action: the search for a “fingerprint”, Synthetic Route of 637-07-0, the publication is Environmental Science and Pollution Research (2022), 29(11), 16176-16192, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

The fish embryo acute toxicity (FET) test with the zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryo according to OECD TG 236 was originally developed as an alternative test method for acute fish toxicity testing according to, e.g., OECD TG 203. Given the versatility of the protocol, however, the FET test has found application beyond acute toxicity testing as a common tool in environmental hazard and risk assessment. Whereas the standard OECD guideline is restricted to four core endpoints (coagulation as well as lack of somite formation, heartbeat, and tail detachment) for simple, rapid assessment of acute toxicity, further endpoints can easily be integrated into the FET test protocol. This has led to the hypothesis that an extended FET test might allow for the identification of different classes of toxicants via a “fingerprint” of morphol. observations. To test this hypothesis, the present study investigated a set of 18 compounds with highly diverse modes of action with respect to acute and sublethal endpoints. Especially at higher concentrations, most observations proved toxicant-unspecific. With decreasing concentrations, however, observations declined in number, but gained in specificity. Specific observations may at best be made at test concentrations ≤ EC10. The existence of a “fingerprint” based on morphol. observations in the FET is, therefore, highly unlikely in the range of acute toxicity, but cannot be excluded for experiments at sublethal concentrations

Environmental Science and Pollution Research published new progress about 637-07-0. 637-07-0 belongs to chlorides-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Inhibitor,Cell Cycle,PPAR, name is Ethyl 2-(4-chlorophenoxy)-2-methylpropanoate, and the molecular formula is C8H10S, Synthetic Route of 637-07-0.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chloride,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Aisaki, Ken-ichi published the artcilePercellome project: research on molecular mechanisms of toxicological responses based on transcriptomics and epigenetics, Related Products of chlorides-buliding-blocks, the publication is Nippon Yakurigaku Zasshi (2022), 157(3), 200-206, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

The author are constructing the “Percellome Database” containing many transcriptomes of mice exposed to a series of chems. to elucidate the mol. mechanism of toxicity and to develop toxicity prediction technol. Acute toxicity of a chem. can be predicted to a certain extent by searching the similarity of the transcriptomes obtained by the single-dose exposure experiments In addition, the author are analyzing the relation between the transcriptome and the epigenome i.e. histone modification and genomic DNA methylation to understand the mol. mechanism of the repeated dose toxicity. The author are attempting to expand the scale and improve the efficiency of the anal. by introducing artificial intelligence technologies. This approach should maximize the use of toxicogenomics technol. for optimizing the exptl. protocols for repeated dose toxicity studies towards 3Rs principle, and optimizing the process of in silico toxicity prediction by combining the available big data.

Nippon Yakurigaku Zasshi published new progress about 637-07-0. 637-07-0 belongs to chlorides-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Inhibitor,Cell Cycle,PPAR, name is Ethyl 2-(4-chlorophenoxy)-2-methylpropanoate, and the molecular formula is C12H15ClO3, Related Products of chlorides-buliding-blocks.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chloride,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Song, Geyang published the artcileGeneral Method for the Amination of Aryl Halides with Primary and Secondary Alkyl Amines via Nickel Photocatalysis, Product Details of C12H15ClO3, the publication is Journal of Organic Chemistry (2022), 87(15), 10285-10297, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

It was reported that Ni(II)-bipyridine complex catalyzed efficient C-N coupling of aryl chlorides and bromides with various primary and secondary alkyl amines under direct excitation with light. Intramol. C-N coupling was also demonstrated. The feasibility and applicability of the protocol in organic synthesis was attested by more than 200 examples.

Journal of Organic Chemistry published new progress about 637-07-0. 637-07-0 belongs to chlorides-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Inhibitor,Cell Cycle,PPAR, name is Ethyl 2-(4-chlorophenoxy)-2-methylpropanoate, and the molecular formula is C8H7NaO4S, Product Details of C12H15ClO3.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chloride,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Kuribara, Takahito published the artcileVisible-Light-Induced Metal-/Photocatalyst-Free C-H Bond Imidation of Arenes, Safety of Ethyl 2-(4-chlorophenoxy)-2-methylpropanoate, the publication is Organic Letters (2020), 22(6), 2235-2239, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

In this study, a visible-light-induced intermol. C-H bond imidation of arenes was achieved at ambient condition. By using simple phthalimide with (diacetoxyiodo)benzene and mol. iodine, direct metal-/photocatalyst-free C-N bond formation was achieved. The imidation protocol was designed by using time-dependent d. functional theory calculations and exptl. demonstrated for 28 substrates with as high as 96% yield. Mechanistic studies indicated that radical-mediated aromatic substitution occurred via photolysis of N-iodophthalimide under visible-light irradiation

Organic Letters published new progress about 637-07-0. 637-07-0 belongs to chlorides-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Inhibitor,Cell Cycle,PPAR, name is Ethyl 2-(4-chlorophenoxy)-2-methylpropanoate, and the molecular formula is C12H15ClO3, Safety of Ethyl 2-(4-chlorophenoxy)-2-methylpropanoate.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chloride,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics