Category: 637-07-0

Podtelezhnikov, Alexei A. published the artcileQuantitative transcriptional biomarkers of xenobiotic receptor activation in rat liver for the early assessment of drug safety liabilities, HPLC of Formula: 637-07-0, the publication is Toxicological Sciences (2020), 175(1), 98-112, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

The robust transcriptional plasticity of liver mediated through xenobiotic receptors underlies its ability to respond rapidly and effectively to diverse chem. stressors. Thus, drug-induced gene expression changes in liver serve not only as biomarkers of liver injury, but also as mechanistic sentinels of adaptation in metabolism, detoxification, and tissue protection from chems. Modern RNA sequencing methods offer an unmatched opportunity to quant. monitor these processes in parallel and to contextualize the spectrum of dose-dependent stress, adaptation, protection, and injury responses induced in liver by drug treatments. Using this approach, we profiled the transcriptional changes in rat liver following daily oral administration of 120 different compounds, many of which are known to be associated with clin. risk for drug-induced liver injury by diverse mechanisms. Clustering, correlation, and linear modeling analyses were used to identify and optimize coexpressed gene signatures modulated by drug treatment. Here, we specifically focused on prioritizing 9 key signatures for their pragmatic utility for routine monitoring in initial rat tolerability studies just prior to entering drug development. These signatures are associated with 5 canonical xenobiotic nuclear receptors (AHR, CAR, PXR, PPARα, ER), 3 mediators of reactive metabolite-mediated stress responses (NRF2, NRF1, P53), and 1 liver response following activation of the innate immune response. Comparing paradigm chem. inducers of each receptor to the other compounds surveyed enabled us to identify sets of optimized gene expression panels and associated scoring algorithms proposed as quant. mechanistic biomarkers with high sensitivity, specificity, and quant. accuracy. These findings were further qualified using public datasets, Open TG-GATEs and DrugMatrix, and internal development compounds With broader collaboration and addnl. qualification, the quant. toxicogenomic framework described here could inform candidate selection prior to committing to drug development, as well as complement and provide a deeper understanding of the conventional toxicol. study endpoints used later in drug development.

Toxicological Sciences published new progress about 637-07-0. 637-07-0 belongs to chlorides-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Inhibitor,Cell Cycle,PPAR, name is Ethyl 2-(4-chlorophenoxy)-2-methylpropanoate, and the molecular formula is C12H15ClO3, HPLC of Formula: 637-07-0.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chloride,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Farizyan, Mirxan published the artcilePalladium-Catalyzed Nondirected Late-Stage C-H Deuteration of Arenes, Recommanded Product: Ethyl 2-(4-chlorophenoxy)-2-methylpropanoate, the publication is Journal of the American Chemical Society (2021), 143(40), 16370-16376, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

Herein, palladium catalyzed nondirected late-stage deuteration of arenes is discussed. Key aspects include the use of D₂O as a convenient and easily available deuterium source and the discovery of highly active N,N-bidentate ligands containing an N-acyl sulfonamide group. The reported protocol enables high degrees of deuterium incorporation via a reversible C-H activation step and features an extraordinary functional group tolerance, allowing for the deuteration of complex substrates. This is exemplified by the late-stage isotopic labeling of various pharmaceutically relevant motifs and related scaffolds. This method, among other applications, will prove useful as a tool in drug development processes and for mechanistic studies.

Journal of the American Chemical Society published new progress about 637-07-0. 637-07-0 belongs to chlorides-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Inhibitor,Cell Cycle,PPAR, name is Ethyl 2-(4-chlorophenoxy)-2-methylpropanoate, and the molecular formula is C12H15ClO3, Recommanded Product: Ethyl 2-(4-chlorophenoxy)-2-methylpropanoate.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chloride,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Park, Jung Gyu published the artcileConnectivity mapping of angiotensin-PPAR interactions involved in the amelioration of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis by Telmisartan, Application In Synthesis of 637-07-0, the publication is Scientific Reports (2019), 9(1), 1-11, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a global health problem that is associated with various metabolic disorders. Telmisartan is a potential treatment for NAFLD due to its ability to improve insulin sensitivity and decrease hepatic fat accumulation via modulation of PPARγ, and to suppress hepatic fibrosis by blocking angiotensin II receptors. However, the underlying mechanisms of action of telmisartan have yet to be fully elucidated. In the present study, diabetic nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) mice (STAM mice) received daily administrations of telmisartan for 6 wk to assess the improvements in NASH. Hepatic transcriptome analyses revealed that the amelioration of NASH likely occurred through the regulation of inflammatory- and fibrosis-related gene responses. An integrated network anal. including transcriptional and non-transcriptional genes regulated by telmisartan showed that the NAFLD pathway is interconnected with the dysregulated RAS-PPAR-NFκB pathways. The downstream targets of PPARα, PPARδ, and RELA in this network significantly overlapped with telmisartan-induced differentially expressed genes (DEGs), which were verified in palmitate-treated Hepa1c1c7 cell line. This transcriptome approach accompanied with cell-based mol. analyses provided the opportunity to understand the fundamental mol. mechanisms underpinning the therapeutic effects of telmisartan, and will contribute to the establishment of a novel pharmacol. treatment for NASH patients.

Scientific Reports published new progress about 637-07-0. 637-07-0 belongs to chlorides-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Inhibitor,Cell Cycle,PPAR, name is Ethyl 2-(4-chlorophenoxy)-2-methylpropanoate, and the molecular formula is C12H15ClO3, Application In Synthesis of 637-07-0.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chloride,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Amagase, Yoko published the artcilePeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α agonist-induced histidine decarboxylase gene expression in the rat and mouse liver., Name: Ethyl 2-(4-chlorophenoxy)-2-methylpropanoate, the publication is The Journal of toxicological sciences (2020), 45(8), 475-492, database is MEDLINE.

By analysis of the data from the Toxicogenomics Database (TG-GATEs), histidine decarboxylase gene (Hdc) was identified as largely and commonly upregulated by three fibrates, clofibrate, fenofibrate, and WY-14,643, which are known to induce hepatocellular hypertrophy and proliferation via stimulation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα) in rodents. As histamine has been reported to be involved in the proliferation of liver cells, the present study was conducted to focus on Hdc. Among other genes related to histidine and histamine, the expression of the gene of histamine ammonia lyase (Hal) was exclusively mobilized by the three fibrates. The expression of Hdc, which was usually very low in the liver, was increased with the repeated administration of fibrates, and concomitantly, the constitutive expression of Hal was suppressed. An interpretation is that the formation of urocanic acid from histidine under the normal condition switches to the formation of histamine. The mobilization of gene expression of Hdc and Hal by PPARα agonists could not be reproduced in primary cultured hepatocytes. The Hdc mRNA appeared to be translated to a protein which is processed differently from brain but similarly to gastric mucosa. Surprisingly, the fibrates caused hepatic hypertrophy but no induction of Hdc mRNA at all in mice. These results revealed that the changes in the histidine catabolism by PPARα agonists might be partially, but not directly, involved in the hepatocyte proliferation in rats, and there is a large genetic distance even between rat and mouse.

The Journal of toxicological sciences published new progress about 637-07-0. 637-07-0 belongs to chlorides-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Inhibitor,Cell Cycle,PPAR, name is Ethyl 2-(4-chlorophenoxy)-2-methylpropanoate, and the molecular formula is C12H15ClO3, Name: Ethyl 2-(4-chlorophenoxy)-2-methylpropanoate.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chloride,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Amagase, Yoko published the artcilePeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor a agonist-induced histidine decarboxylase gene expression in the rat and mouse liver, Related Products of chlorides-buliding-blocks, the publication is Journal of Toxicological Sciences (2020), 45(8), 475-492, database is CAplus.

By anal. of the data from the Toxicogenomics Database (TG-GATEs), histidine decarboxylase gene (Hdc) was identified as largely and commonly upregulated by three fibrates, clofibrate, fenofibrate, and WY-14,643, which are known to induce hepatocellular hypertrophy and proliferation via stimulation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα) in rodents. As histamine has been reported to be involved in the proliferation of liver cells, the present study was conducted to focus on Hdc. Among other genes related to histidine and histamine, the expression of the gene of histamine ammonia lyase (Hal) was exclusively mobilized by the three fibrates. The expression of Hdc, which was usually very low in the liver, was increased with the repeated administration of fibrates, and concomitantly, the constitutive expression of Hal was suppressed. An interpretation is that the formation of urocanic acid from histidine under the normal condition switches to the formation of histamine. The mobilization of gene expression of Hdc and Hal by PPARαagonists could not be reproduced in primary cultured hepatocytes. The Hdc mRNA appeared to be translated to a protein which is processed differently from brain but similarly to gastric mucosa. Surprisingly, the fibrates caused hepatic hypertrophy but no induction of Hdc mRNA at all in mice. These results revealed that the changes in the histidine catabolism by PPARα agonists might be partially, but not directly, involved in the hepatocyte proliferation in rats, and there is a large genetic distance even between rat and mouse.

Journal of Toxicological Sciences published new progress about 637-07-0. 637-07-0 belongs to chlorides-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Inhibitor,Cell Cycle,PPAR, name is Ethyl 2-(4-chlorophenoxy)-2-methylpropanoate, and the molecular formula is C12H15ClO3, Related Products of chlorides-buliding-blocks.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chloride,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Pena-Mendez, E. M. published the artcileMetal organic framework composite, nano-Fe₃O₄@Fe-(benzene-1,3,5-tricarboxylic acid), for solid phase extraction of blood lipid regulators from water, Related Products of chlorides-buliding-blocks, the publication is Talanta (2020), 120275, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

The magnetic metal-organic framework Fe₃O₄@(Fe-(benzene-1,3,5-tricarboxylic acid) (MMOF) was prepared, characterized and studied as a magnetic sorbent for the dispersive solid-phase extraction (DSPE) of several widely used blood lipid regulators (i.e., bezafibrate, clofibric acid, clofibrate, gemfibrozil and fenofibrate) from water samples. Characterization of the synthesized Fe₃O₄@Fe-BTC magnetic nanomaterial was performed by Fourier transform IR spectroscopy, powder X-ray diffractometry, thermogravimetric anal., SEM and transmission electron microscopy. The magnetic nanocomposite was found to be chem. stable and to possess a large surface area (803.62 m²/g) and pore volume (0.59 cm³/g). The concentrations of fibrates in different water samples were determined using HPLC-UV-Vis and confirmed by UPLC-MS/MS. Parameters affecting the extraction efficiency of magnetic-DSPE were studied and optimized. The maxima absorption capacities (Q_max) were determined to be (in mg/g) 197.0 for bezafibrate, 620.3 for clofibric acid, 537.6 for clofibrate, 288.7 gemfibrozil and 223.2 for fenofibrate. Validations of the optimized magnetic DSPE method for analyses at two fibrate concentrations in spiked water samples produced relative recovery values ≤ 70% for clofibrate and within the range of 80-100% for bezafibrate, clofibric acid, gemfibrozil and fenofibrate. LODs ranging from 4μg/L for fenofibrate to 99μg/L for gemfibrozil were obtained. The validated methodol. produced recovery values ranging from 70 to 112% (relative standard deviations < 7%).

Talanta published new progress about 637-07-0. 637-07-0 belongs to chlorides-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Inhibitor,Cell Cycle,PPAR, name is Ethyl 2-(4-chlorophenoxy)-2-methylpropanoate, and the molecular formula is C12H15ClO3, Related Products of chlorides-buliding-blocks.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chloride,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Yang, Yi published the artcileNickel-Catalyzed Reductive Coupling for Transforming Unactivated Aryl Electrophiles into β-Fluoroethylarenes, Application In Synthesis of 637-07-0, the publication is Chemistry – An Asian Journal (2020), 15(1), 156-162, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

We report herein a facile synthetic method for converting unactivated (hetero)aryl electrophiles into β-fluoroethylated (hetero)arenes via nickel-catalyzed reductive cross-couplings. This coupling reaction features the involvement of FCH₂CH₂ radical intermediate rather than β-fluoroethyl manganese species which provides effective solutions to the problematic β-fluoride side eliminations. The practical value of this protocol is further demonstrated by the late-stage modification of several complex ArCl or ArOH-derived bioactive mols.

Chemistry – An Asian Journal published new progress about 637-07-0. 637-07-0 belongs to chlorides-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Inhibitor,Cell Cycle,PPAR, name is Ethyl 2-(4-chlorophenoxy)-2-methylpropanoate, and the molecular formula is C21H18N4OS, Application In Synthesis of 637-07-0.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chloride,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Salamanca, Monica published the artcileEcological Risk Evaluation and Removal of Emerging Pollutants in Urban Wastewater by a Hollow Fiber Forward Osmosis Membrane, Formula: C12H15ClO3, the publication is Membranes (Basel, Switzerland) (2022), 12(3), 293, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

Forward osmosis (FO) is a promising technol. for the treatment of urban wastewater. FO can produce high-quality effluents and preconc. urban wastewater for subsequent anaerobic treatment. This membrane technol. makes it possible to eliminate the pollutants present in urban wastewater, which can cause adverse effects in the ecosystem even at low concentrations In this study, a 0.6 m² hollow fiber aquaporin forward osmosis membrane was used for the treatment of urban wastewater from the Valladolid wastewater treatment plant (WWTP). A total of 51 Contaminants of Emerging Concern (CECs) were investigated, of which 18 were found in the target urban wastewater. They were quantified, and their ecotoxicol. risk impact was evaluated. Different salts with different concentrations were tested as draw solutions to evaluate the membrane performances when working with pretreated urban wastewater. NaCl was found to be the most appropriate salt since it leads to higher permeate fluxes and lower reverse saline fluxes. The membrane can eliminate or significantly reduce the pollutants present in the studied urban wastewater, producing water without ecotoxicol. risk or essentially free of pollutants. In all cases, good recovery was achieved, which increased with mol. weight, although chem. and electrostatic interactions also played a role.

Membranes (Basel, Switzerland) published new progress about 637-07-0. 637-07-0 belongs to chlorides-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Inhibitor,Cell Cycle,PPAR, name is Ethyl 2-(4-chlorophenoxy)-2-methylpropanoate, and the molecular formula is C12H15ClO3, Formula: C12H15ClO3.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chloride,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Perez-Lemus, N. published the artcileAnalysis of 60 pharmaceuticals and personal care products in sewage sludge by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectroscopy, Related Products of chlorides-buliding-blocks, the publication is Microchemical Journal (2022), 107148, database is CAplus.

This paper presents a comparison of three different anal. proposals for the determination of 60 pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) in solid urban sewage sludge. Two fast sample pretreatments, i.e., online solid-phase-extraction (online SPE) and direct injection (DI), were tested against the conventional offline solid phase extraction (offline SPE). In all cases, subsequently, extracts underwent ultra-high-performance-liquid chromatog. coupled to tandem-mass-spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS), simultaneously operating in both pos. and neg. electrospray ionization (ESI) mode. In addition, as solid matrixes, clean-up steps were necessarily preceded by ultra-sound-assisted extraction (UAE) in all cases. Matrix-matched quantification was combined with internal standard providing high reliability to all three approaches. Best performance was observed for the fully automatized and non-pretreated DI method, showing limits of detection below 30 ng g-1 for many of the target compounds, and recoveries between 80 and 120%. Finally, the best working method was validated and applied to the anal. of PPCPs in different dewatered digested sludge samples from the wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) in Valladolid (Spain). Acetaminophen was found at concentrations above 1,000 ng g-1.

Microchemical Journal published new progress about 637-07-0. 637-07-0 belongs to chlorides-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Inhibitor,Cell Cycle,PPAR, name is Ethyl 2-(4-chlorophenoxy)-2-methylpropanoate, and the molecular formula is C12H15ClO3, Related Products of chlorides-buliding-blocks.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chloride,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Tan, Yun-Xuan published the artcileAn unconventional trans-exo-selective cyclization of alkyne-tethered cyclohexadienones initiated by rhodium(III)-catalyzed C-H activation via insertion relay, Application In Synthesis of 637-07-0, the publication is CCS Chemistry (2021), 3(5), 1582-1595, database is CAplus.

Different from the established trans-endo-selective cyclization of alkyne-tethered electrophiles that involve an E/Z isomerization process, herein, the authors present a novel strategy to allow trans-exo-selective arylative cyclization of 1,6-enynes. Through initiation of rhodium(III)-catalyzed C-H activation, a diverse range of N-heterocyclic directing groups, including pyridine, pyrazole, imidazo[1,2-a] pyridine, benzoxazole, benzothiazole, and purine, was feasible for the cascade transformation, exhibiting high efficiency (up to 92% yield), broad substrate scope, and excellent functional group compatibility. Moreover, the modification of natural products and pharmaceutical compounds was also demonstrated to showcase its synthetic utility. Based on d. functional theory (DFT) calculations, a key three-membered ring intermediate through the insertion relay, rather than the direct E/Z isomerization of alkenyl rhodium species, controlled the stereochem. outcome for this trans-exo-selective cyclization. The subsequent ring-opening protonation of the more favored rotamer led to exclusive trans-exo-selectivity.

CCS Chemistry published new progress about 637-07-0. 637-07-0 belongs to chlorides-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Inhibitor,Cell Cycle,PPAR, name is Ethyl 2-(4-chlorophenoxy)-2-methylpropanoate, and the molecular formula is C11H14O2, Application In Synthesis of 637-07-0.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chloride,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics