Category: 638-07-3

A Novel Thermal Stable Carbonyl Reductase from Bacillus cereus by Gene Mining as Biocatalyst for β-Carbonyl Ester Asymmetric Reduction Reaction was written by Qin, Yan-Li;Ruan, Tao;Hou, He-Shuai;Hou, Ya-Li;Yang, Zhong-Hua;Quan, Can. And the article was included in Catalysis Letters in 2019.Recommanded Product: Ethyl 4-chloro-3-oxobutanoate The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Carbonyl reductase, as biocatalyst, is very important to chiral alcs. production through asym. reduction of carbonyl compound A novel thermal stable carbonyl reductase from Bacillus cereus (BcCR) dependent on NADPH was obtained through a new genome mining strategy proposed in this work. By analyzing its amino acid sequence and structure, the BcCR should be a thermal stability and wide pH tolerance carbonyl reductase. Its gene was cloned by PCR with B. cereus genomic DNA as template. Its heterologous expression system, E. coli BL21 (DE3) plysS/pET28a-bccr, was constructed, and BcCR was successfully expressed. Enzymic properties show that at 57.5 °C and pH 7.0 it can reach maximum reaction rate. Its K_m and V_max to Et 4-chloroacetoacetate is 1.85 mmol/L and 0.22 μmol/(min·mg_protein), resp. It can catalyze the asym. reduction of the β-carbonyl compound, such as Et 4-chloroacetoacetate to Et S-4-chloro-3-hydroxybutyrate. This paper proposes a practical method for discovery of new carbonyl reductases, and provides a novel enzyme as biocatalyst for asym. reduction of β-carbonyl compound This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as Ethyl 4-chloro-3-oxobutanoate (cas: 638-07-3Recommanded Product: Ethyl 4-chloro-3-oxobutanoate).

Ethyl 4-chloro-3-oxobutanoate (cas: 638-07-3) belongs to organic chlorides. Chlorination modifies the physical properties of hydrocarbons in several ways. These compounds are typically denser than water due to the higher atomic weight of chlorine versus hydrogen. Alkanes and aryl alkanes may be chlorinated under free radical conditions, with UV light. However, the extent of chlorination is difficult to control.Recommanded Product: Ethyl 4-chloro-3-oxobutanoate

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Molecular Modelling, Optical and Electrochemical Properties of Novel 3-Arylazo-thieno[3,2-b]pyranone for Photovoltaic Application was written by Elseman, Ahmed M.;Radwan, Ahmed S.;Makhlouf, Mohamed M.;Rashad, Mohamed M.. And the article was included in Russian Journal of General Chemistry in 2022.Recommanded Product: 638-07-3 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Three 3-arylazo-thieno[3,2-b]pyranone dyes HTM1-3 have been synthesized by cyclocondensation of Et 2-arylazo-(2-phenylthiocarbamoyl)acetate derivatives with Et 4-chloro-3-oxobutanoate in ethanolic sodium ethoxide solution ¹R, ¹H and, ¹³C NMR, and mass spectra have confirmed the structure of dyes. The impact of substituents (Me, methoxy and chloride) on phys., chem. and optoelectronic properties of the synthesized dyes has been studied. Optical properties such as extinction coefficient, photoluminescence and optical bandgap of thin films have been studied. The optical energy gap has been computed in the range of 1.97- 2.18 eV. Thermal anal., mol. modeling and electronic energy levels have been investigated. Typically, these small mols. exhibit promising charge carrier mobility and are proposed to be strong candidates for p-type semiconductors (hole transport layer). Overall, because of their excellent optical absorption, appropriate energy-level alignment and favorable mol. packing, the prepared thienopyran materials could be a good choice for solar cell applications and light-harvesting capacity. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as Ethyl 4-chloro-3-oxobutanoate (cas: 638-07-3Recommanded Product: 638-07-3).

Ethyl 4-chloro-3-oxobutanoate (cas: 638-07-3) belongs to organic chlorides. Organic chlorides are compounds containing a carbon-chlorine bond, which are widely used in the oil field as a wax dissolver. Aliphatic organochlorides are often alkylating agents as chlorine can act as a leaving group, which can result in cellular damage.Recommanded Product: 638-07-3

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Design, synthesis and antifungal activities of novel pyrrole- and pyrazole-substituted coumarin derivatives was written by Zhang, Shu-Guang;Liang, Chao-Gen;Sun, Yue-Qing;Teng, Peng;Wang, Jia-Qun;Zhang, Wei-Hua. And the article was included in Molecular Diversity in 2019.Application of 638-07-3 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

A series of novel pyrrole- and pyrazole-substituted coumarins, compounds I [R¹ = H, Me, F, etc.; R² = Me, CH₂Cl, CF₃, R³ = H, Me, etc.] and II [R⁴ = H, Me, Et, etc.; R⁵ = H, Me, etc.] and evaluated their antifungal activity against six phytopathogenic fungi in-vitro. The primary assay results demonstrated that some designed compounds displayed potent activities. Among them, compounds I [R¹ = H, R² = CH₂Cl, R³ = Me] and II [R⁴ = H, Me, Et, R⁵ = Me; R⁴ = H’ R⁵ = CF₃ R⁴R⁵ = (CH₂)₄]exhibited more effective control than Osthole against Cucumber anthrax and Alternaria leaf spot. Furthermore, compound I [R¹ = H, R² = CH₂Cl, R³ = Me] displayed stronger antifungal activity against Rhizoctorzia solani (EC₅₀ = 15.4 μg/mL) than pos. control Osthole (EC₅₀ = 67.2 μg/mL). This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as Ethyl 4-chloro-3-oxobutanoate (cas: 638-07-3Application of 638-07-3).

Ethyl 4-chloro-3-oxobutanoate (cas: 638-07-3) belongs to organic chlorides. Organochlorines stimulate the central nervous system and cause convulsions, tremor, nausea, and mental confusion. Examples are dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), chlordane, lindane, endosulfan, and dieldrin. Alkanes and aryl alkanes may be chlorinated under free radical conditions, with UV light. However, the extent of chlorination is difficult to control.Application of 638-07-3

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Acetoacetyl-CoA reductase PhaB as an excellent anti-Prelog biocatalyst for the synthesis of chiral β-hydroxyl ester and the molecular basis of its catalytic performance was written by Wang, Ting;Yang, Ke;Tian, Qing;Han, Ruiting;Zhang, Xuanshuo;Li, Aipeng;Zhang, Lianbing. And the article was included in Molecular Catalysis in 2021.Synthetic Route of C6H9ClO3 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Acetoacetyl-CoA reductase PhaB turned out to be capable of catalyzing the anti-Prelog asym. reduction of various β-ketoesters (1a-12a) and aromatic ketones (13a-29a). Particularly, PhaB showed high specific activity and excellent stereoselectivity (93.0%-99.8% eep) toward β-ketoesters. The specific activity of PhaB toward Et 4-chloroacetoacetate 11a was up to 1302.2 mU/mg. The mol. basis anal. showed the rotatable single bonds in β-ketoesters endow them with a high degree of structural flexibility and adaptability. Thus, β-ketoesters could quickly adjust their conformation and further form a productive conformation in the narrow substrate-binding pocket of the enzyme. In contrast, PhaB exhibited low specific activity and stereoselectivity toward the majority of aromatic ketones. The large steric hindrance and rigid structure resulted from aromatic rings made the aromatic ketones impossible to adjust their conformation as conveniently as β-ketoesters. Furthermore, it was found the halogen bond was the major driven force of the high specific activity of PhaB toward chlorinated β-ketoesters (10a and 11a), while the distribution of enzyme-substrate interactions was an important factor determining the enzyme activity besides the steric hindrance. Moreover, the geometric configuration of the substrate and the enzyme substrate-binding pocket played critical roles in determining the substrate binding mode and the enzyme stereoselectivity. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as Ethyl 4-chloro-3-oxobutanoate (cas: 638-07-3Synthetic Route of C6H9ClO3).

Ethyl 4-chloro-3-oxobutanoate (cas: 638-07-3) belongs to organic chlorides. Organic chlorides can cause corrosion in pipelines, valves and condensers, and cause catalyst poisoning. The hydrocarbon processing industry (HPI) and others are affected by damage caused by these substances. Alkyl chlorides readily react with amines to give substituted amines. Alkyl chlorides are substituted by softer halides such as the iodide in the Finkelstein reaction.Synthetic Route of C6H9ClO3

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Synthesis of comb-type block copolymers by grafting through method: electrical properties and determination of activation energy via conductivity was written by Pihtili, Guzin;Demirelli, Kadir. And the article was included in Journal of Macromolecular Science in 2020.Recommanded Product: Ethyl 4-chloro-3-oxobutanoate The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Poly[ε-CL-b-(MMA-comb-EMA)]comb-type polymers were synthesized by ATRP and ε-caprolactone macroinitiator and macromonomer. Me methacrylate macromonomer was synthesized from acylation reaction of methacryloyl chloride with PMMA ended 7-hydroxy coumarin. The macroinitiator was prepared from the reaction of chlorine acetyl chloride P(ε-CL). The synthesized polymers were characterized by FT-IR, ¹H-NMR and ¹³C-NMR techniques. The average mol. weight and mol. weight distribution of polymers were measured by GPC method. Thermal properties of samples were studied by DSC/TGA techniques. Dielec. and Ac conductivity measurements were performed. Dielec. constant (ε’), dielec. loss factor (ε”) and conductivity behaviors of comb-type polymer were measured at room temperature between the frequency of 100-2000 Hz and over the temperature range 303-413 K at 1 kHz reported as compared with each other. Besides, their effects on the elec. properties by doping with EuCl₃ for some of the comb copolymers were and were investigated. The activation energy (E_a) was calculated from conductivity We reported it was determined that the (ε’) and (ε”) values decreased with increasing frequency. There are also many application areas for comb polymers for example; nanotechnol., medicine. The aim of this study is to synthesize comb-type copolymers in different compositions and to investigate their elec. properties. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as Ethyl 4-chloro-3-oxobutanoate (cas: 638-07-3Recommanded Product: Ethyl 4-chloro-3-oxobutanoate).

Ethyl 4-chloro-3-oxobutanoate (cas: 638-07-3) belongs to organic chlorides. Organochlorines are organic compounds having multiple chlorine atoms. They were the first synthetic pesticides that were used in agriculture. They are resistant to most microbial and chemical degradations. Aryl chlorides may be prepared by the Friedel-Crafts halogenation, using chlorine and a Lewis acid catalyst.Recommanded Product: Ethyl 4-chloro-3-oxobutanoate

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Targeted photoresponsive carbazole-coumarin and drug conjugates for efficient combination therapy in leukemia cancer cells was written by Wang, Bing-Yen;Lin, Yen-Cheng;Lai, Yi-Ting;Ou, Jia-Yu;Chang, Wen-Wei;Chu, Chih-Chien. And the article was included in Bioorganic Chemistry in 2020.HPLC of Formula: 638-07-3 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Phototriggered drug delivery systems (PTDDSs) facilitate controlled delivery of drugs loaded on photoactive platform to the target region under light stimulation. The present study investigated the synthesis and efficacy of carbazole-coumarin (CC)-fused heterocycles as a PTDDS platform for the photocontrolled release of a chemotherapeutic agent, chlorambucil, in an in vitro model of human breast and leukemia cancer cells. CC-fused heterocycles were constructed using 4-hydroxycarbazole as the starting material, and further modification of these heterocycles yielded two CC derivatives CC-7 with an addnl. – COOH group and CC-8 with the triphenylphosphonium (TPP) group, a mitochondria-targeting ligand introduced in the carbazole ring, dissolved in polar solvents and exhibited emission bands at 360 and 450 nm, resp. The results indicate that visible light of 405 nm triggers the photolysis of the CC-drug conjugate and efficiently delivers the drug in both in vitro cancer cell models. Cytotoxicity evaluation indicates the suppression of proliferation of both types of cells treated with CC-8 under synergy effect combining drug potency and photosensitization. Further, the lower IC₅₀ of CC-8 toward leukemia cells suggests the efficacy of the TPP ligand in increasing the bioavailability of CC-drug conjugates in leukemia treatment. Studies on mitochondria-targeting drug delivery systems are required for improving the performance of anticancer drugs. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as Ethyl 4-chloro-3-oxobutanoate (cas: 638-07-3HPLC of Formula: 638-07-3).

Ethyl 4-chloro-3-oxobutanoate (cas: 638-07-3) belongs to organic chlorides. Organic chlorides can cause corrosion in pipelines, valves and condensers, and cause catalyst poisoning. The hydrocarbon processing industry (HPI) and others are affected by damage caused by these substances.While alkyl bromides and iodides are more reactive, alkyl chlorides tend to be less expensive and more readily available. Alkyl chlorides readily undergo attack by nucleophiles.HPLC of Formula: 638-07-3

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Novel pyranopyrazole derivatives comprising a benzoxazole core as antimicrobial inhibitors: design, synthesis, microbial resistance and machine aided results was written by Reddy, Guda Mallikarjuna;Kumari, Avula Krishna;Reddy, Vemulapati Hanuman;Garcia, Jarem Raul. And the article was included in Bioorganic Chemistry in 2020.Reference of 638-07-3 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

The synthesis of pyranopyrazoles I (R = Ph, 2-MeC₆H₄, 4-O₂NC₆H₄, etc.) comprising benzoxazole moiety by green approach strategy is reported and their antimicrobial performance on four bacteria and two fungi was studied. Most of the compounds delivered reliable toxicity to kill the pathogens. Among these compounds, the compound I (R = 2-MeC₆H₄) exhibited considerable activity against the microbial pathogens. Moreover, compounds I (R = Ph, 2-MeOC₆H₄, 4-HOC₆H₄) showed prominent antibacterial activity. In addition, mol. docking studies of docked compounds revealed the strong bonding interaction with DNA-gyrase and were docked into the intercalation location of DNA of the DNA-gyrase complex. The mol. bounded to the DNA was stabilized by the H bonds, hydrophobic interactions and π-π interaction. In addition, the linked 5-chlorobenzoxazole structure was stabilized by the DT-8 and DG2009 of the F chain with pi-pi interactions. From the computer-aided results, it was observed that compound I (R = 2-MeC₆H₄) demonstrated maximum docking score -10.0 kcal/mol towards DNA-gyrase. Overall, this investigation suggests that these biol. active compounds can be utilized as led for preclin. studies with the goal of developing newer antimicrobial drugs. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as Ethyl 4-chloro-3-oxobutanoate (cas: 638-07-3Reference of 638-07-3).

Ethyl 4-chloro-3-oxobutanoate (cas: 638-07-3) belongs to organic chlorides. Chlorinated organic compounds are found in nearly every class of biomolecules and natural products including alkaloids, terpenes, amino acids, flavonoids, steroids, and fatty acids. Organochlorine compounds are lipophylic, meaning they are more soluble in fat than in water. This gives them a high tenancy to accumulate in the food chain (biomagnification).Reference of 638-07-3

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Multi-faceted Set-up of a Diverse Ketoreductase Library Enables the Synthesis of Pharmaceutically-relevant Secondary Alcohols was written by Voss, Moritz;Kueng, Robin;Hayashi, Takahiro;Jonczyk, Magdalena;Niklaus, Michael;Iding, Hans;Wetzl, Dennis;Buller, Rebecca. And the article was included in ChemCatChem in 2021.Product Details of 638-07-3 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Enzymes are valuable tools to introduce chirality into small mols. Especially, ketoreductase (KRED)-catalyzed transformations of ketones to yield chiral secondary alcs. have become an established biocatalytic process step in the pharmaceutical and fine chem. industry. Development time, however, remains a critical factor in chem. process development and thus, the competitiveness of a biocatalytic reaction step is often governed by the availability of off-the-shelf enzyme libraries. To expand the biocatalytic toolbox with addnl. ketoreductases, we established a multi-faceted screening procedure to capture KRED diversity from different sources, such as literature, available genome data, and uncharacterized microbial strains. Overall, we built a library consisting of 51 KRED enzymes, 29 of which have never been described in literature before. Notably, 18 of the newly described enzymes exhibited anti-Prelog preference complementing the majority of ketoreductases which generally follow Prelog’s rule. Anal. of the library’s catalytic activity toward a chem. diverse ketone substrate set of pharmaceutical interest further highlighted the broad substrate scope and the complementing enantio-preference of the individual KREDs. Using the generated sequence-function data of the included short chain dehydrogenases in a bioinformatic anal. led to the identification of possible sequence determinants of the stereospecificity exhibited by these enzymes. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as Ethyl 4-chloro-3-oxobutanoate (cas: 638-07-3Product Details of 638-07-3).

Ethyl 4-chloro-3-oxobutanoate (cas: 638-07-3) belongs to organic chlorides. Organic chlorides can be used in production of: PVC, pesticides, chloromethane, teflon, insulators. Aryl chlorides may be prepared by the Friedel-Crafts halogenation, using chlorine and a Lewis acid catalyst.Product Details of 638-07-3

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Application of 2,4-bis(halomethyl)quinoline: synthesis and biological activities of 2,4-bis(benzofuran-2-yl)- and 2,4-bis(aroxymethyl)quinolines was written by Li, Yang;Xu, Qiqi;Li, Zhiyuan;Gao, Wentao;Chen, Yu. And the article was included in Molecular Diversity in 2020.Reference of 638-07-3 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

The synthesis of a new type of halomethylquinoline building block, i.e., Et 4-(bromomethyl)-2-(chloromethyl)quinoline-3-carboxylate, and its synthetic applications in the reaction with salicylaldehydes/o-acetylphenols R-2-HOC₆H₃C(O)R¹ [R = H, 5-MeO, 5-C(CH₃)₃, 3-F-5-C(CH₃)₃, etc.; R¹ = H, Me] or phenols R²C₆H₄OH [R² = H, 2-Me, 4-MeO, 2-F, 2-F-4-C(CH₃)₃, etc.] to make a range of structurally novel and intriguing 2,4-bis(benzofuran-2-yl)quinoline- I [R³ = 7-F-5-C(CH₃)₃, 7-Br-5-C(CH₃)₃, 3-Me-5-Br, etc.] and 2,4-bis(aroxymethyl)quinoline-3-carboxylic acids II is described. This newly synthesized compounds belong to a new class of quinoline derivatives, and their structures were elucidated on the basis of their spectral data and elemental analyses. Screening for in vitro anti-tubercular against Mycobacterium smegmatis and anti-bacterial activities against Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa was carried out. Compounds I [R² = 7-F-5-C(CH₃)₃ and 7-Br-5-C(CH₃)₃] showed significant anti-tubercular activity comparable with the reference rifampicin and might be used as promising candidates for further investigation. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as Ethyl 4-chloro-3-oxobutanoate (cas: 638-07-3Reference of 638-07-3).

Ethyl 4-chloro-3-oxobutanoate (cas: 638-07-3) belongs to organic chlorides. Organic chlorides can be used in production of: PVC, pesticides, chloromethane, teflon, insulators. Alkyl chlorides are versatile building blocks in organic chemistry. While alkyl bromides and iodides are more reactive, alkyl chlorides tend to be less expensive and more readily available.Reference of 638-07-3

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Photoechogenic Inflatable Nanohybrids for Upconversion-Mediated Sonotheranostics was written by Jeong, Keunsoo;Kim, Dojin;Kim, Hyun Jun;Lee, Yong-Deok;Yoo, Jounghyun;Jang, Dohyub;Lee, Seokyung;Park, Hyeonjong;Kim, Youngsun;Singh, Ajay;Ahn, Dong June;Kim, Dong Ha;Bang, Joona;Kim, Jungahn;Prasad, Paras N.;Kim, Sehoon. And the article was included in ACS Nano in 2021.Related Products of 638-07-3 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Hybrid nanostructures are promising for ultrasound-triggered drug delivery and treatment, called sonotheranostics. Structures based on plasmonic nanoparticles for photothermal-induced microbubble inflation for ultrasound imaging exist. However, they have limited therapeutic applications because of short microbubble lifetimes and limited contrast. Photochem.-based sonotheranostics is an attractive alternative, but building near-IR (NIR)-responsive echogenic nanostructures for deep tissue applications is challenging because photolysis requires high-energy (UV-visible) photons. Here, we report a photochem.-based echogenic nanoparticle for in situ NIR-controlled ultrasound imaging and ultrasound-mediated drug delivery. Our nanoparticle has an upconversion nanoparticle core and an organic shell carrying gas generator mols. and drugs. The core converts low-energy NIR photons into UV emission for photolysis of the gas generator. Carbon dioxide gases generated in the tumor-penetrated nanoparticle inflate into microbubbles for sonotheranostics. Using different NIR laser power allows dual-modal upconversion luminescence planar imaging and cross-sectional ultrasonog. Low-frequency (10 MHz) ultrasound stimulated microbubble collapse, releasing drugs deep inside the tumor through cavitation-induced transport. We believe that the photoechogenic inflatable hierarchical nanostructure approach introduced here can have broad applications for image-guided multimodal theranostics. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as Ethyl 4-chloro-3-oxobutanoate (cas: 638-07-3Related Products of 638-07-3).

Ethyl 4-chloro-3-oxobutanoate (cas: 638-07-3) belongs to organic chlorides. Organochlorines stimulate the central nervous system and cause convulsions, tremor, nausea, and mental confusion. Examples are dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), chlordane, lindane, endosulfan, and dieldrin. Aliphatic organochlorides are often alkylating agents as chlorine can act as a leaving group, which can result in cellular damage.Related Products of 638-07-3

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics