Category: 638-07-3

Chitosan nanobeads loaded with Biginelli hybrids as cell-selective toxicity systems with a homogeneous distribution of the cell cycle in cancer treatment was written by Ristovski, Jovana;Zizak, Zeljko;Markovic, Smilja;Jankovic, Nenad;Ignjatovic, Nenad. And the article was included in RSC Advances in 2020.HPLC of Formula: 638-07-3 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Tetrahydropyrimidines are a class of azaheterocycles, also called Biginelli hybrids (obtained from the Biginelli reaction), that have attracted an enormous interest in the medicinal chem. community in recent years, due to a broad biol. activity, such as anticancer, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, antituberculosis activities, etc. According to SciFinder, more than 70 000 different Biginelli-like compounds have been covered in publications. However, although the Biginelli reaction can yield a large number of compounds with a broad range of activities, none of them have been captured in a carrier. In this study, chitosan-based (Ch) nanoparticles (NPs) containing three different mols. (Biginelli hybrids) were developed and tested for the first time as simple and promising vehicles for anticancer Biginelli-based drugs. The key features of NPs, such as size, surface morphol., drug encapsulation efficiency, and in vitro release were systematically investigated. Rather weak cell selectivity of pure Biginelli hybrids (A-C) to selected cancer cell lines has improved and this has been accompanied with two-to-four times stronger cytotoxic effect of A-C loaded Ch NPs, with a triple reduction in toxicity to healthy cells (MRC-5). It has been observed that the examined NPs induce apoptosis. The cell cycle anal. has confirmed the influence of A-loaded Ch (A-Ch), B-loaded Ch (B-Ch), and C-loaded Ch (C-Ch) on the cell cycle distribution, which was homogeneously affected. This is the difference with regard to the effect of A, B, and C on the cell cycle. It has been established that the increased selectivity and antitumor activity of NPs are related to the presence of the carrier. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as Ethyl 4-chloro-3-oxobutanoate (cas: 638-07-3HPLC of Formula: 638-07-3).

Ethyl 4-chloro-3-oxobutanoate (cas: 638-07-3) belongs to organic chlorides. An organic chloride is an organic compound containing at least one covalently bonded atom of chlorine. Their wide structural variety and divergent chemical properties lead to a broad range of names and applications. Alkanes and aryl alkanes may be chlorinated under free radical conditions, with UV light. However, the extent of chlorination is difficult to control.HPLC of Formula: 638-07-3

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

New ionic liquid increase the catalytic efficiency of recombinant Escherichia coli cells-mediated asymmetric reduction was written by Li, Jun;Fan, Miaoliang;Zhang, Rongjin;Tian, Zheyu;Zeng, Jing;Song, Yinan;Du, Wenting. And the article was included in Journal of Chemical Technology and Biotechnology in 2019.Safety of Ethyl 4-chloro-3-oxobutanoate The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Background : Ionic liquids (ILs) have advantages in terms of flexible structure and composition for the whole cell mediated biocatalytic reaction. However, the lack of design strategy for ILs has hampered the development of biocatalysis in non-aqueous medium. In the present study, to establish an efficient reaction system to obtain vital chiral compounds, a novel IL was designed by combining the superior characteristics of quaternary ammonium- and dialkyl-based cationic surfactant IL to enhance the recombinant Escherichia coli cells-catalyzed bioreduction efficiency. Results : [HOEtN1,1,1][BF₄] was synthesized and showed excellent characteristics of low toxicity to the biocatalyst, reduced toxicity of substrate to the microbial cells and moderate increase of cell membrane permeability. In the [HOEtN1,1,1][BF₄]- containing reaction system, some valuable factors involved in the biocatalytic reduction of Et 4-chloro-3-oxobutanoate to Et (S)-4-chloro-3-hydroxybutanoate were found to be: 2.5% (w/v) [HOEtN1,1,1][BF₄], 20% (volume/volume) isopropanol, 3 M COBE, pH 7.0, 30°C, reacted for 16 h. A yield of 96.7% was obtained under the optimum conditions with above 99% enantiomeric excess value, and the proposed bioprocess was also successfully scaled up to a 5 L fermentor with a yield of 90.7%. Conclusion : The developed IL [HOEtN1,1,1][BF₄] is a promising solvent for enhancing the efficiency of model bioreduction It was also evaluated for broadening its application to the biosynthesis of (R)-[3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl] ethanol catalyzed by recombinant Escherichia coli, with remarkable success. © 2018 Society of Chem. Industry. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as Ethyl 4-chloro-3-oxobutanoate (cas: 638-07-3Safety of Ethyl 4-chloro-3-oxobutanoate).

Ethyl 4-chloro-3-oxobutanoate (cas: 638-07-3) belongs to organic chlorides. Chlorinated organic compounds are found in nearly every class of biomolecules and natural products including alkaloids, terpenes, amino acids, flavonoids, steroids, and fatty acids.While alkyl bromides and iodides are more reactive, alkyl chlorides tend to be less expensive and more readily available. Alkyl chlorides readily undergo attack by nucleophiles.Safety of Ethyl 4-chloro-3-oxobutanoate

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Design, synthesis, and antifungal evaluation of novel coumarin-pyrrole hybrids was written by Zhang, Shuguang;Tan, Xin;Liang, Chaogen;Zhang, Weihua. And the article was included in Journal of Heterocyclic Chemistry in 2021.Related Products of 638-07-3 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

A series of coumarin derivatives I [R¹ = H, CH₃, CH₂CH₃, Cl; R² = H, CH₃, CF₃, CH₂Cl, (CH₂)₂CH₃; R³ = H, CH₃, OH; R⁴ = H, CH₃; R⁵ = H, CH₃; R¹R² = -(CH₂)₃-] bearing a pyrrole scaffold was designed, prepared, and assessed for their in vitro antifungal activities against six phytopathogenic fungi. The antifungal activity screening results suggest that some synthesized hybrids exhibited potential fungicidal activities against the tested fungi. In particular, compounds I (R¹ = R⁵ = H, R² = CH3, R³ = OH, R⁴ = CH₃; R¹ = R⁵ = H, R² = (CH₂)₂CH₃, R³ = OH, R⁴ = CH₃; R¹ = R⁴ = H, R² = R³ = R⁵ = CH₃; R¹ = R⁴ = H, R³ = R⁵ = CH₃, R² = CF₃; R¹ = R⁴ = H, R³ = R⁵ = CH₃, R² = (CH₂)₂CH₃) displayed significant antifungal effects against Rhizoctonia solani, and possessed EC₅₀ values of 3.94, 7.75, 6.38, 6.25, and 7.67μg/ mL, resp. The above activities are more potent than the commercialized fungicide Boscalid (11.52μg/mL) and Osthole (9.79μg/mL). These results provide a significant reference for further rational design of coumarin-based fungicides. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as Ethyl 4-chloro-3-oxobutanoate (cas: 638-07-3Related Products of 638-07-3).

Ethyl 4-chloro-3-oxobutanoate (cas: 638-07-3) belongs to organic chlorides. An organic chloride is an organic compound containing at least one covalently bonded atom of chlorine. Their wide structural variety and divergent chemical properties lead to a broad range of names and applications. Aliphatic organochlorides are often alkylating agents as chlorine can act as a leaving group, which can result in cellular damage.Related Products of 638-07-3

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Dihydropyridine Lactam Analogs Targeting BET Bromodomains was written by Jiang, Jiewei;Sigua, Logan H.;Chan, Alice;Kalra, Prakriti;Pomerantz, William C. K.;Schonbrunn, Ernst;Qi, Jun;Georg, Gunda I.. And the article was included in ChemMedChem in 2022.Computed Properties of C6H9ClO3 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Inhibitors of Bromodomain and Extra Terminal (BET) proteins were investigated for various therapeutic indications, but selectivity for BRD2, BRD3, BRD4, BRDT and their resp. tandem bromodomains BD1 and BD2 remains suboptimal. Here, selectivity-focused structural modifications of previously reported dihydropyridine lactam to form 7-alkyl-1-ethyl-5-(p-tolyl)-5,7,8,9-tetrahydro-1H-pyrrolo[3′,4′:5,6]pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidine-2,4,6(3H)-triones I [R = CH₂Ph, CH₂Bn, PhOCH₂CH₂, etc.] by changing linker length and linker type of the lactam side chain in efforts to engage the unique arginine 54 (R54) residue in BRDT-BD1 to achieve BRDT-selective affinity was reported. It was found that the analogs were highly selective for BET bromodomains and generally more selective for the first (BD1) and second (BD2) bromodomains of BRD4 rather than for those of BRDT. Based on AlphaScreen and BromoScan results and on crystallog. data for analog I [R = CH₂CH(CH₂CH₂NCH₂CH₂)CH₂(4-O₂NC₆H₄)], we concluded that the lack of selectivity for BRDT is most likely due to the high flexibility of the protein and the unfavorable trajectory of the lactam side chain that do not allow interaction with R54. A 15-fold preference for BD2 over BD1 in BRDT was observed for analogs I [R = CH₂CH(CH₂CH₂NCH₂CH₂)CH₂C(O)Ph], I [R = CH₂CH₂(3-MeOC₆H₄)] which was supported by protein-based ¹⁹F NMR experiments with a BRDT tandem bromodomain protein construct. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as Ethyl 4-chloro-3-oxobutanoate (cas: 638-07-3Computed Properties of C6H9ClO3).

Ethyl 4-chloro-3-oxobutanoate (cas: 638-07-3) belongs to organic chlorides. Organic chlorides can be used in production of: PVC, pesticides, chloromethane, teflon, insulators. The haloform reaction, using chlorine and sodium hydroxide, is also able to generate alkyl halides from methyl ketones, and related compounds. Chloroform was formerly produced thus.Computed Properties of C6H9ClO3

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Synthesis and structure-activity relationship of coumarins as potent Mcl-1 inhibitors for cancer treatment was written by Xia, Yang-Liu;Wang, Jing-Jing;Li, Shi-Yang;Liu, Yong;Gonzalez, Frank J.;Wang, Ping;Ge, Guang-Bo. And the article was included in Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry in 2021.Category: chlorides-buliding-blocks The following contents are mentioned in the article:

In this study, more than thirty coumarin derivatives I (R₁ = H, NO₂; R₂ = Me, CF₃, Ph, etc.; R₃ = H, CH₂NMe₂, CH₂N(CH₂)₄CHOH; R₄ = OH, OMe, Cl, etc.; R₅ = H, OH, OMe; R₆ = H, OH, NO₂, etc.) with different substituents were designed and synthesized, and their Mcl-1 inhibitory activities evaluated using a fluorescence polarization-based binding assay. The results showed that the catechol group was a key constituent for Mcl-1 inhibitory activity of the coumarins, and methylation of the catechol group led to decreased inhibitory activity. The introduction of a hydrophobic electron-withdrawing group at the C-4 position of 6,7-dihydroxycoumarin, enhanced Mcl-1 inhibitory capacity, and a hydrophilic group in this position was unbeneficial to the inhibitory potency. Among all coumarins tested, I (R₁ = H; R₂ = CF₃; R₃ = H; R₄ = OH; R₅ = OH; R₆ = H) displayed the most potent inhibitory activity towards Mcl-1 (K_i = 0.21 ± 0.02μM, IC₅₀ = 1.21 ± 0.56μM, resp.), for which the beneficial effect on taxol resistance was also validated in A549 cells. A strong interaction between I (R₁ = H; R₂ = CF₃; R₃ = H; R₄ = OH; R₅ = OH; R₆ = H) and Mcl-1 in docking simulations further supported the observed potent Mcl-1 inhibition ability of I (R₁ = H; R₂ = CF₃; R₃ = H; R₄ = OH; R₅ = OH; R₆ = H). 3D-QSAR anal. of all tested coumarin derivatives further provides new insights into the relationships linking the inhibitory effects on Mcl-1 and the steric-electrostatic properties of coumarins. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as Ethyl 4-chloro-3-oxobutanoate (cas: 638-07-3Category: chlorides-buliding-blocks).

Ethyl 4-chloro-3-oxobutanoate (cas: 638-07-3) belongs to organic chlorides. Chlorinated organic compounds are found in nearly every class of biomolecules and natural products including alkaloids, terpenes, amino acids, flavonoids, steroids, and fatty acids. Alkyl chlorides readily react with amines to give substituted amines. Alkyl chlorides are substituted by softer halides such as the iodide in the Finkelstein reaction.Category: chlorides-buliding-blocks

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Simultaneous ultrasound- and microwave-assisted one-pot ‘click’ synthesis of 3-formyl-indole clubbed 1,2,3-triazole derivatives and their biological evaluation was written by Mokariya, Jaydeep A.;Kalola, Anirudhdha G.;Prasad, Pratibha;Patel, Manish P.. And the article was included in Molecular Diversity in 2022.Recommanded Product: Ethyl 4-chloro-3-oxobutanoate The following contents are mentioned in the article:

An environment friendly, high yielding, promising one-pot protocol for the click reaction of N-propargyl-3-formylindoles, chloroacetic acid/ester and sodium azide, leading to the formation of 3-formyl-indole clubbed 1,4-disubstituted-1,2,3-triazole derivatives I [R = OH, OEt, Ph, etc.; R¹ = H, Me] aided by CuI catalyst accomplished under acceleration of simultaneous ultrasound and microwave irradiation in a very short reaction time was described. Further, acid derivatives I [R = OH; R¹ = H, Me] were subjected to acid-amine coupling reaction with secondary amines in the presence of HATU to afford triazoles II [R² = 4-methylpiperidin-1-yl, 2-morpholino, 1,2,3-triazol-1-yl, etc.]. The perspective of this protocol was to get rid of the hectic preparation and handling of organic azide which are generated in situ. Consequently, this protocol blossomed the click process by making it environment benign, user-friendly, safe and clean technique. All the synthesized compounds were preliminarily screened for their in vitro antimicrobial activity against a panel of pathogenic strains. The majority of compounds possessed noticeably inhibitory action against E. Coli, S. Typhi, P. Aeruginosa, C. tetani, S. aureus and B. subtillis. Among all compounds, I [R¹ = H, R² = 4-methylpiperidin-1-yl; R¹ = Me, R² = 4-methylpiperazin-1-yl] exhibited excellent inhibitory action against E.Coli and P. Aeruginosa strain, resp., as compared to standard drug. One compound I [R = Me, R¹ = OEt] showed remarkable potency against fungal strain. Mol. docking study was carried out to understand binding of compound with protein. In silico ADME prediction was carried out to check physicochem. properties of synthesized compound This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as Ethyl 4-chloro-3-oxobutanoate (cas: 638-07-3Recommanded Product: Ethyl 4-chloro-3-oxobutanoate).

Ethyl 4-chloro-3-oxobutanoate (cas: 638-07-3) belongs to organic chlorides. Organochlorines are organic compounds having multiple chlorine atoms. They were the first synthetic pesticides that were used in agriculture. They are resistant to most microbial and chemical degradations. Alkyl chlorides readily react with amines to give substituted amines. Alkyl chlorides are substituted by softer halides such as the iodide in the Finkelstein reaction.Recommanded Product: Ethyl 4-chloro-3-oxobutanoate

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Design and synthesis of pyrimidine-5-carbonitrile hybrids as COX-2 inhibitors: Anti-inflammatory activity, ulcerogenic liability, histopathological and docking studies was written by Alfayomy, Abdallah M.;Abdel-Aziz, Salah A.;Marzouk, Adel A.;Shaykoon, Montaser Sh. A.;Narumi, Atsushi;Konno, Hiroyuki;Abou-Seri, Sahar M.;Ragab, Fatma A. F.. And the article was included in Bioorganic Chemistry in 2021.Recommanded Product: 638-07-3 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Two new series of 1,3,4-oxadiazole I [R = H, 4-F, 4-MeO, 4-Cl, 2,6-di-Cl; R¹ = Me, MeO, Cl] and coumarin derivatives II [R² = H, 4-F, 4-MeO, 4-Cl, 2,6-di-Cl; R³ = Me, MeO] and III [R⁴ = Cl, 4-methylpiperazin-1-yl] based on pyrimidine-5-carbonitrile scaffold were synthesized and evaluated for their COX-1/COX-2 inhibitory activity. Compounds I [R = 4-MeO, 2,6-di-Cl, R¹ = Cl; R = 4-Cl, 4-MeO, 2,6-di-Cl, R¹ = MeO], II [R² = 2,6-di-Cl, R³ = Me; R² = H, MeO, R³ = MeO] and III [R⁴ = 4-methylpiperazin-1-yl] were found to be the most potent and selective inhibitors of COX-2 (IC₅₀ 0.041-0.081μM, SI 139.74-321.95). Eight compounds were further investigated for their in-vivo anti-inflammatory activity. The most active derivatives I [R = 4-Cl, R¹ = Cl; R = 2,6-di-Cl, R¹ = MeO] and II [R² = 2,6-di-Cl, R³ = Me] displayed superior in-vivo anti-inflammatory activity (% edema inhibition 39.3-48.3, 1 h; 58.4-60.5, 2 h; 70.8-83.2, 3 h; 78.9-89.5, 4 h) to the reference drug celecoxib (% edema inhibition 38.0, 1 h; 48.8, 2 h; 58.4, 3 h; 65.4, 4 h). These derivatives were also tested for their ulcerogenic liability, compound I [R = 2,6-di-Cl, R¹ = MeO] showed better safety profile with reference to celecoxib while I [R = 4-Cl, R¹ = Cl] and II [R² = 2,6-di-Cl, R³ = Me] exhibited mild lesions. Mol. docking studies of I [R = 4-Cl, R¹ = Cl; R = 2,6-di-Cl, R¹ = MeO] and II [R² = 2,6-di-Cl, R³ = Me] in the COX-2 active site revealed similar orientation and binding interactions as selective COX-2 inhibitors with a higher liability to access the selectivity side pocket. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as Ethyl 4-chloro-3-oxobutanoate (cas: 638-07-3Recommanded Product: 638-07-3).

Ethyl 4-chloro-3-oxobutanoate (cas: 638-07-3) belongs to organic chlorides. An organic chloride is an organic compound containing at least one covalently bonded atom of chlorine. Their wide structural variety and divergent chemical properties lead to a broad range of names and applications. Aryl chlorides may be prepared by the Friedel-Crafts halogenation, using chlorine and a Lewis acid catalyst.Recommanded Product: 638-07-3

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Biphasic Bioelectrocatalytic Synthesis of Chiral β-Hydroxy Nitriles was written by Dong, Fangyuan;Chen, Hui;Malapit, Christian A.;Prater, Matthew B.;Li, Min;Yuan, Mengwei;Lim, Koun;Minteer, Shelley D.. And the article was included in Journal of the American Chemical Society in 2020.Electric Literature of C6H9ClO3 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Two obstacles limit the application of oxidoreductase-based asym. synthesis. One is the consumption of high stoichiometric amounts of reduced cofactor. The other is the low solubility of organic substrates, intermediates, and products in the aqueous phase. In order to address these two obstacles to oxidoreductase-based asym. synthesis, a biphasic bioelectrocatalytic system was constructed and applied. In this study, the preparation of chiral β-hydroxy nitriles catalyzed by alc. dehydrogenase (AdhS) and halohydrin dehalogenase (HHDH) was investigated as a model bioelectrosynthesis, since they are high-value intermediates in statin synthesis. Diaphorase (DH) was immobilized by a cobaltocene-modified poly(allylamine) redox polymer on the electrode surface (DH/Cc-PAA bioelectrode) to achieve effective bioelectrocatalytic NADH regeneration. Since AdhS is a NAD-dependent dehydrogenase, the diaphorase-modified biocathode was used to regenerate NADH to support the conversion from Et 4-chloroacetoacetate (COBE) to Et (S)-4-chloro-3-hydroxybutanoate ((S)-CHBE) catalyzed by AdhS. The addition of Me tert-Bu ether (MTBE) as an organic phase not only increased the uploading of COBE but also prevented the spontaneous hydrolysis of COBE, extended the lifetime of DH/Cc-PAA bioelectrode, and increased the Faradaic efficiency and the concentration of generated (R)-ethyl-4-cyano-3-hydroxybutyrate ((R)-CHCN). After 10 h of reaction, the highest concentration of (R)-CHCN in the biphasic bioelectrocatalytic system was 25.5 mM with 81.2% enantiomeric excess (ee_p). The conversion ratio of COBE achieved 85%, which was 8.8 times higher than that achieved with the single-phase system. Besides COBE, two other substrates with aromatic ring structures were also used in this biphasic bioelectrocatalytic system to prepare the corresponding chiral β-hydroxy nitriles. The results indicate that the biphasic bioelectrocatalytic system has the potential to produce a variety of β-hydroxy nitriles with different structures. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as Ethyl 4-chloro-3-oxobutanoate (cas: 638-07-3Electric Literature of C6H9ClO3).

Ethyl 4-chloro-3-oxobutanoate (cas: 638-07-3) belongs to organic chlorides. Organochlorines are organic compounds having multiple chlorine atoms. They were the first synthetic pesticides that were used in agriculture. They are resistant to most microbial and chemical degradations. Alkyl chlorides readily react with amines to give substituted amines. Alkyl chlorides are substituted by softer halides such as the iodide in the Finkelstein reaction.Electric Literature of C6H9ClO3

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Convenient synthesis and anticancer evaluation of novel pyrazolyl-thiophene, thieno[3,2-b]pyridine, pyrazolo[3,4-d]thieno[3,2-b]pyridine and pyrano[2,3-d]thieno[3,2-b]pyridine derivatives was written by Masaret, Ghada S.. And the article was included in Journal of Heterocyclic Chemistry in 2021.Quality Control of Ethyl 4-chloro-3-oxobutanoate The following contents are mentioned in the article:

The newly synthesized 3-(3-amino-5-(phenylamino)-4-(phenylcarbamoyl)thiophen-2-yl)-3-oxopropanoate was utilized as a precursor for the synthesis of pyrazolyl-thiophene derivative, I which undergoes cyclization upon treatment with benzaldehyde derivatives to provide pyrazolo[3,4-d]thieno[3,2-b]pyridines II [Ar = 4-MeC₆H₄, 4-MeOC₆H₄, 4-ClC₆H₄]. Basic treatment of pyrazolyl-thiophene derivative with Ph isothiocyanate followed by subsequent addition of chloroacetone and/or Et bromoacetate yielded the thiazolylidene-pyrazolyl thiophenes. In addition, the building block 3-(3-amino-5-(phenylamino)-4-(phenylcarbamoyl)thiophen-2-yl)-3-oxopropanoate was converted into the corresponding thieno[3,2-b]pyridine compounds through its reactions with (DMF-DMA) and/or heating in sodium ethoxide. Moreover, the reaction of 7-hydroxy-5-oxo-N-phenyl-2-(phenylamino)-4,5-dihydrothieno[3,2-b]pyridine-3-carboxamide with 2-arylidenemalononitrile produced the new annulated pyrano[2,3-d]thieno[3,2-b]pyridines II. The prepared thiophene-based compounds pyrazolyl-thiophene I , thieno[3,2-b]pyridine, pyrazolo[3,4-d]thieno[3,2-b]pyridine II and pyrano[2,3-d]thieno[3,2-b]pyridine derivatives III were evaluated against HepG2, PC3, and MCF-7 cancer cells, and normal fibroblast cell (WI38). The pyrazolo[3,4-d]thieno[3,2-b]pyridine II [Ar = 4-ClC₆H₄] and pyrano[2,3-d]thieno[3,2-b]pyridine compounds III [Ar = 4-ClC₆H₄] presented promising cytotoxic activities against HepG2 cancer cell line without any human toxicity. Docking study for the synthesized thiophene compounds I, II, III delivered valuable insights about the binding interactions with the crystal structure of NS5B enzyme with PDB ID (4TLR). This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as Ethyl 4-chloro-3-oxobutanoate (cas: 638-07-3Quality Control of Ethyl 4-chloro-3-oxobutanoate).

Ethyl 4-chloro-3-oxobutanoate (cas: 638-07-3) belongs to organic chlorides. An organic chloride is an organic compound containing at least one covalently bonded atom of chlorine. Their wide structural variety and divergent chemical properties lead to a broad range of names and applications. Organochlorine compounds are lipophylic, meaning they are more soluble in fat than in water. This gives them a high tenancy to accumulate in the food chain (biomagnification).Quality Control of Ethyl 4-chloro-3-oxobutanoate

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Design and synthesis of substituted dihydropyrimidinone derivatives as cytotoxic and tubulin polymerization inhibitors was written by Sana, Sravani;Tokala, Ramya;Bajaj, Deepti Madanlal;Nagesh, Narayana;Bokara, Kiran Kumar;Kiranmai, Gaddam;Lakshmi, Uppu Jaya;Vadlamani, Swapna;Talla, Venu;Shankaraiah, Nagula. And the article was included in Bioorganic Chemistry in 2019.Electric Literature of C6H9ClO3 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

An operationally simple Biginelli protocol was employed for the synthesis of new C₆-carbon based aryl α-haloacrylamide-linked dihydropyrimidinone derivatives I (R = H, NHC(O)C(=CH₂)Br; R¹ = NHC(O)C(=CH₂)Br, Cl; R² = Ph, thiophen-2-yl, 4-phenylphenyl, etc.). The synthesized compounds were appraised for their in vitro antiproliferative potential against a selected panel of human cancer cell lines especially MCF-7 (human breast cancer), MDA-MB-231 (human breast cancer), HCT-116 (human colon cancer), HCT-15 (human colorectal adenocarcinoma), HT-29 (human colon adenocarcinoma) and DU145 (human prostate cancer) along with normal lung fibroblasts (HFL-1). Preferably, compounds containing α-haloacrylamide I functionality were found to exhibit most significant cytotoxicity (IC₅₀ value 0.54 ± 0.12 to 8.35 ± 0.82 μM) against the listed cancer cell lines, particularly towards breast cancer cell lines MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 (IC₅₀ value 0.54 ± 0.12 to 3.70 ± 0.24 μM). In the seam of synthesized compounds, compound I (R = H; R¹ = NHC(O)C(=CH₂)Br; R² = 4-methylphenyl (A)) exhibited potent antiproliferative activity against breast cancer cell lines namely MCF-7 (IC₅₀ value 0.54 ± 0.12 μM) and MDA-MB-231 (IC₅₀ value 1.18 ± 0.32 μM). Further to understand the underlying apoptosis mechanisms, different staining techniques such as AO/EB, DCFDA, and DAPI staining were performed. To know the extent of apoptosis and loss of mitochondrial membrane potential in MCF-7 cell lines, annexin V-FITC/PI and JC-1 were performed. Cell cycle anal. revealed that compound (A) arrested the cells at G2/M phase in a dose-dependent manner. The compound (A) also found to exhibit significant inhibition of tubulin polymerization (IC₅₀ of 6.91 ± 0.43 μM) with microtubule destabilizing properties. Mol. docking studies also revealed that compound (A) efficiently interacted with critical catalytically active residues Ser178, Val238, and Val318 of the α/β-tubulin by a hydrogen bond. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as Ethyl 4-chloro-3-oxobutanoate (cas: 638-07-3Electric Literature of C6H9ClO3).

Ethyl 4-chloro-3-oxobutanoate (cas: 638-07-3) belongs to organic chlorides. Organochlorines stimulate the central nervous system and cause convulsions, tremor, nausea, and mental confusion. Examples are dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), chlordane, lindane, endosulfan, and dieldrin. Aliphatic organochlorides are often alkylating agents as chlorine can act as a leaving group, which can result in cellular damage.Electric Literature of C6H9ClO3

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics