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Safety of Sodium chlorideIn 2019 ,《Self-Crosslinked MXene (Ti3C2Tx) Membranes with Good Antiswelling Property for Monovalent Metal Ion Exclusion》 was published in ACS Nano. The article was written by Lu, Zong; Wei, Yanying; Deng, Junjie; Ding, Li; Li, Zhong-Kun; Wang, Haihui. The article contains the following contents:

A 2D membrane-based separation technique has been increasingly applied to solve the problem of fresh water shortage via ion rejection. However, these 2D membranes often suffer from a notorious swelling problem when immersed in solution, resulting in poor rejection for the monovalent metal ion. The design of the antiswelling 2D lamellar membranes has been proved to be a big challenge for highly efficient desalination. Here, a kind of self-crosslinked MXene membrane is proposed for ion rejection with an obviously suppressed swelling property, which takes advantage of the hydroxyl terminal groups on the MXene nanosheets by forming Ti-O-Ti bonds between the neighboring nanosheets via the self-crosslinking reaction (-OH + -OH = -O- + H2O) through a facile thermal treatment. The permeation rates of the monovalent metal ions through the self-crosslinked MXene membrane are ∼2 orders of magnitude lower than those through the pristine MXene membrane, which indicates the obviously improved performance of the ion exclusion by self-crosslinking between the MXene lamellae. The excellent stability of the self-crosslinked MXene membrane during the 70 h long-term ion separation also demonstrates its promising antiswelling property. Such a facile and efficient self-crosslinking strategy gives the MXene membrane a good antiswelling property for metal ion rejection, which is also suitable for many other 2D materials with tunable surface functional groups during membrane assembly. In addition to this study using Sodium chloride, there are many other studies that have used Sodium chloride(cas: 7647-14-5Safety of Sodium chloride) was used in this study.

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Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

《Experimental and Modeling of Conductivity for Electrolyte Solution Systems》 was published in ACS Omega in 2020. These research results belong to Zhang, Weitao; Chen, Xia; Wang, Yan; Wu, Lianying; Hu, Yangdong. Reference of Sodium chloride The article mentions the following:

Studying the concentration and temperature dependence of the conductivity of electrolyte solution is of great significance for the evaluation and improvement of the performance of the electrochem. system. In this paper, based on the influence of the number of free ions and ion mobility on the conductivity, a semiempirical conductivity model with five parameters was proposed to correlate the conductivity, concentration and temperature data of electrolyte solutions at medium and high concentrations The conductivities of NaCl and CaCl2 in propylene carbonate-H2O binary solvents were measured at temperatures varying from 283.15 to 333.15 K. The validity of the model was verified by the exptl. data of this paper and the conductivity, concentration, and temperature data of 28 electrolyte solution systems in the literature. The electrolyte solutions investigated in this paper included binary organic solvent systems, pure organic solvent systems, and aqueous solution systems. The results showed that the proposed model can fit the exptl. data well for both pure solvent and mixed solvents systems, which is of great value to practical engineering applications. In addition to this study using Sodium chloride, there are many other studies that have used Sodium chloride(cas: 7647-14-5Reference of Sodium chloride) was used in this study.

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Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

In 2019,Water Research included an article by Wang, Li; Lin, Shihong. Safety of Sodium chloride. The article was titled 《Theoretical framework for designing a desalination plant based on membrane capacitive deionization》. The information in the text is summarized as follows:

Despite significant progress made in multiple aspects of capacitive deionization (CDI), a rational framework is in need for optimizing the design and operation of a large desalination system based on CDI. In this work, we develop a theor. framework for guiding the design of a desalination plant based on CDI with ion exchange membranes (i.e. membrane CDI, or MCDI). This framework is established by identifying (1) the practical design constraints, (2) the inter-relationships between different design and operating parameters, (3) a set of independent variables, and (4) the key performance metrics. The proposed design framework reduces the degrees of freedom of the system and facilitates more focused and systematic anal. of the overall performance of an MCDI-based desalination plant. Careful anal. using the proposed design framework suggests the presence of an optimal tradeoff curve that comprises all the possible optima of design and operating conditions with which an MCDI-based desalination plant is the most cost-effective. We also show that the typical practice of using equal flowrates for charging and discharge yields very good performance compared to the optima, as long as water recovery is not too high. Finally, we also briefly explain the implication of this framework on cost-based optimization of the design and operation of an MCDI-based desalination plant. In addition to this study using Sodium chloride, there are many other studies that have used Sodium chloride(cas: 7647-14-5Safety of Sodium chloride) was used in this study.

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Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Synthetic Route of ClNaIn 2019 ,《Negligible Effect of Sodium Chloride on the Development and Function of TGF-β-Induced CD4+ Foxp3+ Regulatory T Cells》 was published in Cell Reports. The article was written by Luo, Yang; Xue, Youqiu; Wang, Julie; Dang, Junlong; Fang, Qiannan; Huang, Gonghua; Olsen, Nancy; Zheng, Song Guo. The article contains the following contents:

High-salt diets inhibit the suppressive function of thymus-derived natural regulatory T cells (tTreg). Transforming growth factor β (TGF-β)-induced ex vivo regulatory T cells (iTreg) comprise another Treg subset that exhibits similarities and differences with tTreg. Here, we demonstrate that iTregs are completely stable and fully functional under high salt conditions. High salt does not influence the development, differentiation, and functional activities of iTreg but affects Foxp3 stability and function of tTreg in vitro and in vivo. In addition, high salt does not significantly change the transcription profiles of the iTreg signature or pro-inflammatory genes. Therefore, we conclude that iTreg, unlike tTreg, are stable and functional in the presence of high salt. Our findings provide addnl. evidence that iTreg may have different biol. features from tTreg and suggest a greater potential for clin. utility in patients with autoimmune diseases, in which the complicated role of environmental factors, including diet, must be considered. The experimental process involved the reaction of Sodium chloride(cas: 7647-14-5Synthetic Route of ClNa)

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Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

The author of 《Ultrathin Polyamide Nanofiltration Membrane Fabricated on Brush-Painted Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube Network Support for Ion Sieving》 were Gao, Shoujian; Zhu, Yuzhang; Gong, Yuqiong; Wang, Zhenyi; Fang, Wangxi; Jin, Jian. And the article was published in ACS Nano in 2019. Recommanded Product: Sodium chloride The author mentioned the following in the article:

Recently, ultrathin polyamide nanofiltration membranes fabricated on nanomaterial-based supports have overcome the limitations of conventional supports and show greatly improved separation performance. However, the feasibility of the nanomaterial-based supports for large-scale fabrication of the ultrathin polyamide membrane is still unclear. Herein, we report a controllable and saleable fabrication technique for a single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT) network support via brush painting. The mech. and chem. stability of the SWCNT network support were carefully examined, and an ultrathin polyamide membrane with thickness of ∼15 nm was successfully fabricated based on such a support. The obtained thin-film composite (TFC) polyamide nanofiltration membranes exhibited extremely high water permeability of ∼40 L m-2 h -1 bar-1, a high Na2SO 4 rejection of 96.5%, and high monovalent/divalent ion permeation selectivity and maintained highly efficient ion sieving throughout 48 h of testing. This work demonstrates a practical route toward the controllable large-scale fabrication of the TFC membrane with an SWCNT network support for ion and mol. sieving. This work is also expected to boost the mass production and practical applications of state-of-the-art membranes composed of one-dimensional and two-dimensional nanomaterials as well as the nanomaterial-supported TFC membranes. In addition to this study using Sodium chloride, there are many other studies that have used Sodium chloride(cas: 7647-14-5Recommanded Product: Sodium chloride) was used in this study.

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Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

《Energy recovery in pilot scale membrane CDI treatment of brackish waters》 was written by Tan, Cheng; He, Calvin; Fletcher, John; Waite, T. David. Safety of Sodium chloride And the article was included in Water Research in 2020. The article conveys some information:

An energy recovery technique using a high-current bi-directional dc-dc converter for membrane capacitive de-ionization (mCDI) of brackish waters is described and it’s performance assessed in a pilot-scale prototype. The energy recovery system is shown to reduce the energy consumption of the pilot-scale mCDI unit, powered by photovoltaics and with battery storage, by between 30 and 40%. Use of a stopped flow process also enables water recovery of up to 87%. The contributions to energy consumption in the system are quantified with the insights gained from this anal. enabling the selection of an optimum voltage range for desorption termination that maximizes the daily recovered energy. The exptl. results demonstrate that energy usage by the mCDI process of lower than 0.4 kWh/m3 is achievable with almost 40% of the energy supplied by the batteries recovered.Sodium chloride(cas: 7647-14-5Safety of Sodium chloride) was used in this study.

Sodium chloride(cas: 7647-14-5) has been used for the preparation of tris buffered saline, phosphate buffered saline, MPM-2 (mitotic protein monoclonal 2) cell lysis buffer, immunoprecipitation wash buffer, LB (Luria-Bertani) media and dialysis buffer.Safety of Sodium chloride

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

《Decreased charge transport distance by titanium mesh-membrane assembly for flow-electrode capacitive deionization with high desalination performance》 was written by Yang, Fan; Ma, Junjun; Zhang, Xudong; Huang, Xia; Liang, Peng. Product Details of 7647-14-5This research focused ontitanium flow electrode capacitive deionization desalination water pollution; Capacitive deionization; Charge transport; Desalination; Flow electrode; Mesh-membrane assembly. The article conveys some information:

This study employed a titanium mesh-membrane assembly (MMA) as the current collector in flow-electrode capacitive deionization (FCDI) device (designated as M-FCDI), and obtained a much reduced charge transport distance as compared to traditional FCDI with plate-shaped current collectors located far from the exchange membrane. The average salt removal rate of M-FCDI was greatly improved by 76% under 10 wt% carbon content than the control experiment with graphite plate as current collector, and the charge efficiency remained over 75% even under low carbon loading. This improvement was attributed to the reduced resistance as revealed by electrochem. impedance spectroscopy tests. Further investigation on FCDI’s performance with different specifications of titanium meshes showed that the implementation of MMA could provide a larger effective electron transfer area, which would lead to better desalting performance. The experimental process involved the reaction of Sodium chloride(cas: 7647-14-5Product Details of 7647-14-5)

Sodium chloride(cas: 7647-14-5) has been used for the preparation of tris buffered saline, phosphate buffered saline, MPM-2 (mitotic protein monoclonal 2) cell lysis buffer, immunoprecipitation wash buffer, LB (Luria-Bertani) media and dialysis buffer.Product Details of 7647-14-5

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Category: chlorides-buliding-blocksIn 2021 ,《Flow-electrode capacitive deionization: A review and new perspectives》 appeared in Water Research. The author of the article were Yang, Fan; He, Yunfei; Rosentsvit, Leon; Suss, Matthew E.; Zhang, Xiaori; Gao, Tie; Liang, Peng. The article conveys some information:

A review. Flow-electrode capacitive deionization (FCDI), as a novel electro-driven desalination technol., has attracted growing exploration towards brackish water treatment, hypersaline water treatment, and selective resource recovery in recent years. As a flow-electrode-based electrochem. technol., FCDI has similarities with several other electrochem. technologies such as electrochem. flow capacitors and semi-solid fuel cells, whose performance are closely coupled with the characteristics of the flow-electrodes. In this , we sort out the potentially parallel mechanisms of electrosorption and electrodialysis in the FCDI desalination process, and make clear the importance of the flowable capacitive electrodes. We then adopt an equivalent circuit model to distinguish the resistances to ion transport and electron transport within the electrodes, and clarify the importance of electronic conductivity on the system performance based on a series of electrochem. tests. Furthermore, we discuss the effects of electrode selection and flow circulation patterns on system performance (energy consumption, salt removal rate), the current treatment targets and system performance, and then provide an outlook on the research directions in the field to support further applications of FCDI. The results came from multiple reactions, including the reaction of Sodium chloride(cas: 7647-14-5Category: chlorides-buliding-blocks)

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Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

The author of 《Changes in physico-chemical properties, microstructure, protein structures and intermolecular force of egg yolk, plasma and granule gels during salting》 were Xu, Lilan; Zhao, Yan; Xu, Mingsheng; Yao, Yao; Wu, Na; Du, Huaying; Tu, Yonggang. And the article was published in Food Chemistry in 2019. Product Details of 7647-14-5 The author mentioned the following in the article:

Changes in physico-chem. properties, microstructure, protein structures and intermol. force of egg yolk, plasma and granule gels during salting were investigated, using low-field NMR (LF-NMR), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transform IR spectroscopy (FTIR) and chem. anal. The results showed that the contents of soluble protein and free sulfhydryl increased and, with D2O treatment, T21 and T22 decreased in egg yolks and plasma salted for 2 d. The particles of egg yolks, plasma and granules in the later stage of salting were disrupted and they liberated their constituents (phospholipids, neutral lipids and proteins), which randomly aggregated. The treatment with NaCl changed the spatial structure of egg yolk proteins. The results suggested that the oil exudation of salted egg yolks was mainly due to structural changes in the low-d. lipoproteins. Granules were shown to contribute to the higher hardness and gelation of salted egg yolks. In addition to this study using Sodium chloride, there are many other studies that have used Sodium chloride(cas: 7647-14-5Product Details of 7647-14-5) was used in this study.

Sodium chloride(cas: 7647-14-5) has been used for the preparation of tris buffered saline, phosphate buffered saline, MPM-2 (mitotic protein monoclonal 2) cell lysis buffer, immunoprecipitation wash buffer, LB (Luria-Bertani) media and dialysis buffer.Product Details of 7647-14-5

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

In 2019,Langmuir included an article by Meegoda, Jay N.; Hewage, Shaini Aluthgun; Batagoda, Janitha H.. Electric Literature of ClNa. The article was titled 《Application of diffused double layer theory to nanobubbles》. The information in the text is summarized as follows:

Nanobubbles have elec. charged interfaces; hence, the diffused double layer theory can be applied to explain the behavior of nanobubbles in different electrolytic solutions In this research, oxygen nanobubbles were generated in NaCl solutions of different concentrations, and bubble size and ζ potentials were measured just after the generation and after 1 wk. The measured data and diffused double layer theory were used to compute the surface charge d., the potential due to the surface charge, and the interaction energy between bubbles. With the increased NaCl concentration, bubble size, surface charge d., and the number of neg. charges increased, while the magnitude of ζ potential/surface potential, double layer thickness, internal pressure, and the electrostatic repulsion force decreased. The same trend was observed after 1 wk. The net total energy calculation for the 0.001 M NaCl solution showed that the bubble repulsion for an intermediate separation distance had a 6.99 × 10-20 J energy barrier, which prevented bubble coalescence. Hence, the 0.001 M NaCl solution produced stable nanobubbles. The calculation of internal pressure inside nanobubbles showed a reduction in the interfacial pressure difference with the increased NaCl concentration The test results, as well as diffuse double layer and net total energy calculations, showed that the most stable bubbles were obtained with 0.001 M NaCl concentration and the least stability was recorded with the highest amount (0.1 M) of NaCl concentration The results came from multiple reactions, including the reaction of Sodium chloride(cas: 7647-14-5Electric Literature of ClNa)

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Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics