Category: 99-60-5

On November 15, 2018, Wohlfahrt, Patrick; Troost, Esther G C; Hofmann, Christian; Richter, Christian; Jakobi, Annika published an article.Recommanded Product: 99-60-5 The title of the article was Clinical Feasibility of Single-Source Dual-spiral 4D Dual-Energy CT for Proton Treatment Planning Within the Thoracic Region.. And the article contained the following:

PURPOSE: Single-source dual-spiral dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) provides additional patient information but is prone to motion between the 2 consecutively acquired computed tomography (CT) scans. Here, the clinical applicability of dual-spiral time-resolved DECT (4D-DECT) for proton treatment planning within the thoracic region was evaluated. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Dual-spiral 4D-DECT scans of 3 patients with lung cancer were acquired. For time-averaged datasets and 4 breathing phases, the geometric conformity of 80 kVp and 140 kVp 4D-DECT scans before image post-processing was assessed by normalized cross correlation (NCC). Additionally, the conformity of the corresponding DECT-derived 58 keV and 79 keV pseudo-monoenergetic CT datasets after image post-processing, including deformable image registration (DIR), was determined. To analyze the reliability of proton dose calculation, clinical (PlanClin) and artificial worst-case (PlanWorstCase, targeting the diaphragm) treatment plans were calculated on 140 kVp and 79 keV datasets and compared with gamma analyses (0.1% dose-difference and 1 mm distance-to-agreement criterion). The applicability of a patient-specific DECT-based prediction of stopping-power ratio (SPR) was investigated and proton range shifts compared with the clinical heuristic CT-number-to-SPR conversion were assessed. Finally, the delineation variability of an experienced radiation oncologist was quantified. RESULTS: Dual-spiral 4D-DECT scans without DIR showed a high geometric conformity, with an average NCC ± standard deviation of 98.7% ± 1.0% when including all patient voxels or 88.2% ± 7.8% when considering only lung. DIR improved the conformity, leading to an average NCC of 99.9% ± 0.1% and 99.6% ± 0.5%, respectively. PlanClin dose distributions on 140 kVp and 79 keV datasets were similar, with an average gamma passing rate of 99.9% (99.2%-100%). The worst-case evaluation still revealed high passing rates (99.3% on average, 92.4% as minimum). Clinically relevant mean range shifts of 2.2% ± 1.2% were determined between patient-specific DECT-based SPR prediction and clinical heuristic CT-number-to-SPR conversion. The intra-observer delineation variability was slightly reduced using additional DECT-derived datasets. CONCLUSIONS: The 79 keV pseudo-monoenergetic CT datasets can be consistently obtained from dual-spiral 4D-DECT and are applicable for dose calculation. Patient-specific DECT-based SPR prediction performed well and potentially reduces range uncertainty in proton therapy of patients with lung cancer. The experimental process involved the reaction of 2-Chloro-4-nitrobenzoic acid(cas: 99-60-5).Recommanded Product: 99-60-5

The Article related to feasibility studies, four-dimensional computed tomography: methods, humans, lung neoplasms: diagnostic imaging, lung neoplasms: radiotherapy, proton therapy: methods, radiotherapy dosage, radiotherapy planning, computer-assisted: methods, tumor burden and other aspects.Recommanded Product: 99-60-5

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Axon, David R; Chinthammit, Chanadda; Tate, Jared; Taylor, Ann M; Leal, Sandra; Pickering, Matthew; Black, Heather; Warholak, Terri; Campbell, Patrick J published an article in 2020, the title of the article was Current Procedural Terminology Codes for Medication Therapy Management in Administrative Data..Application of 99-60-5 And the article contains the following content:

BACKGROUND: Three pharmacist-specific Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) codes exist to facilitate medication therapy management (MTM) reimbursement (codes 99605, 99606, and 99607). However, no studies have used CPT codes in administrative claims databases to identify subjects who have received MTM services. OBJECTIVE: To assess the prevalence of MTM services provided, using CPT codes identified in an administrative dataset. METHODS: A retrospective cohort study was conducted using a subset of Medicare Part D individuals from the IBM MarketScan Medicare Supplemental Research Databases (2009-2015). Researchers identified beneficiaries who received MTM services using CPT codes 99605, 99606, and 99607. RESULTS: Of the 16,483,709 individuals in the dataset, only 3,291 had CPT codes indicating that they received MTM services, representing an overall prevalence of 0.020%. CONCLUSIONS: The use of CPT codes as an indicator of MTM service provision resulted in far lower MTM utilization rates than in published literature. Reliance on CPT codes to identify MTM services in administrative claims is not recommended, given that it limited the researchers’ ability to properly identify patient receipt of such services. More accurate methodologies are warranted for identifying MTM use and its effects on patient outcomes. DISCLOSURES: This work was supported by Pharmacy Quality Alliance; Merck Sharp & Dohme, a subsidiary of Merck & Co. (Kenilworth, NJ); and SinfoniaRx. The funding sources had no role in study design, collection, analysis, and interpretation of data, writing the report, or decision to submit the article for publication. Tate, Chinthammit, and Campbell completed this work during their employment at the University of Arizona. Pickering was an employee of Pharmacy Quality Alliance at the time of this study. Black is employed by Merck. Axon reports grants from the Arizona Department of Health Services and the American Association of Colleges of Pharmacy; Campbell reports a grant from the Community Pharmacy Foundation; Chinthammit reports fees from Eli Lilly; Black has received a grant from Merck; Warholak reports grants from the Arizona Department of Health Services and Novartis, all unrelated to this study. Taylor reports grants from Tabula Rasa Op-Co, during the conduct of the study, and from the Arizona Department of Health Services, outside the conduct of this study. This research was accepted as a poster presentation at the International Society for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research Annual Meeting, May 16-20, 2020, in Orlando, FL, but was not presented due to the COVID-19 pandemic. An abstract was published in Value in Health, 2020;23(Suppl 1):S305. The experimental process involved the reaction of 2-Chloro-4-nitrobenzoic acid(cas: 99-60-5).Application of 99-60-5

The Article related to current procedural terminology, data collection: methods, humans, insurance, health, reimbursement, medicare part d: statistics & numerical data, medication therapy management: statistics & numerical data, retrospective studies, united states: geographic and other aspects.Application of 99-60-5

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Nagy-Reis, Mariana; Oshima, Júlia Emi de Faria; Kanda, Claudia Zukeran; Palmeira, Francesca Belem Lopes; de Melo, Fabiano Rodrigues; Morato, Ronaldo Gonçalves; Bonjorne, Lilian; Magioli, Marcelo; Leuchtenberger, Caroline; Rohe, Fabio; Lemos, Frederico Gemesio; Martello, Felipe; Alves-Eigenheer, Milene; da Silva, Rafaela Aparecida published an article in 2020, the title of the article was NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES: a data set on carnivore distribution in the Neotropics..Reference of 2-Chloro-4-nitrobenzoic acid And the article contains the following content:

Mammalian carnivores are considered a key group in maintaining ecological health and can indicate potential ecological integrity in landscapes where they occur. Carnivores also hold high conservation value and their habitat requirements can guide management and conservation plans. The order Carnivora has 84 species from 8 families in the Neotropical region: Canidae; Felidae; Mephitidae; Mustelidae; Otariidae; Phocidae; Procyonidae; and Ursidae. Herein, we include published and unpublished data on native terrestrial Neotropical carnivores (Canidae; Felidae; Mephitidae; Mustelidae; Procyonidae; and Ursidae). NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES is a publicly available data set that includes 99,605 data entries from 35,511 unique georeferenced coordinates. Detection/non-detection and quantitative data were obtained from 1818 to 2018 by researchers, governmental agencies, non-governmental organizations, and private consultants. Data were collected using several methods including camera trapping, museum collections, roadkill, line transect, and opportunistic records. Literature (peer-reviewed and grey literature) from Portuguese, Spanish and English were incorporated in this compilation. Most of the data set consists of detection data entries (n = 79,343; 79.7%) but also includes non-detection data (n = 20,262; 20.3%). Of those, 43.3% also include count data (n = 43,151). The information available in NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES will contribute to macroecological, ecological, and conservation questions in multiple spatio-temporal perspectives. As carnivores play key roles in trophic interactions, a better understanding of their distribution and habitat requirements are essential to establish conservation management plans and safeguard the future ecological health of Neotropical ecosystems. Our data paper, combined with other large-scale data sets, has great potential to clarify species distribution and related ecological processes within the Neotropics. There are no copyright restrictions and no restriction for using data from this data paper, as long as the data paper is cited as the source of the information used. We also request that users inform us of how they intend to use the data. The experimental process involved the reaction of 2-Chloro-4-nitrobenzoic acid(cas: 99-60-5).Reference of 2-Chloro-4-nitrobenzoic acid

The Article related to canidae, carnivores, conservation, data paper, felidae, mammal, neotropical region, occurrence, predator, species distribution, and other aspects.Reference of 2-Chloro-4-nitrobenzoic acid

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

On November 5, 2018, Nechipadappu, Sunil Kumar; Trivedi, Darshak R. published an article.COA of Formula: C7H4ClNO4 The title of the article was Cocrystal of nutraceutical sinapic acid with Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients ethenzamide and 2-chloro-4-Nitrobenzoic acid: Equilibrium solubility and stability study. And the article contained the following:

Sinapic acid (SNP) is a nutraceutical compound of hydroxybenzoic acid derivative which possesses anti-oxidant, anti-microbial, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, and anti-anxiety activity properties. In the present work, two cocrystals of SNP with two active drug ingredients such as Ethenzamide (ETZ) and 2-chloro-4-nitrobenzoic acid (CNB) are reported. Both the cocrystals were synthesized via simple solvent evaporation method and the crystal structures were characterized by Single Crystal X-ray Diffraction (SC-XRD) techniques. The cocrystals were formed via robust acid-amide heterosynthon and acid-acid homosynthon between SNP and drug mols. Both the cocrystals were crystallized in monoclinic crystal system with P 21/c space group. The synthesized cocrystals were further characterized by DSC, PXRD, FT-IR, and 1H NMR techniques. The solubility study in purified distilled water and in 0.1 N HCl solution demonstrate that there was no increment in the solubility of drug mols. in the cocrystals in both purified water and in 0.1 N HCl solution The synthesized cocrystal exhibited six months stability at ambient conditions (∼25 °C, 60-65% RH). The experimental process involved the reaction of 2-Chloro-4-nitrobenzoic acid(cas: 99-60-5).COA of Formula: C7H4ClNO4

The Article related to cocrystal nutraceutical sinapic acid ethenzamide nitrobenzoic acid solubility stability, Pharmaceuticals: Pharmaceutics and other aspects.COA of Formula: C7H4ClNO4

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

On May 15, 2015, Maxson, Tucker; Deane, Caitlin D.; Molloy, Evelyn M.; Cox, Courtney L.; Markley, Andrew L.; Lee, Shaun W.; Mitchell, Douglas A. published an article.Name: 2-Chloro-4-nitrobenzoic acid The title of the article was HIV Protease Inhibitors Block Streptolysin S Production. And the article contained the following:

Streptolysin S (SLS) is a posttranslationally modified peptide cytolysin that is produced by the human pathogen Streptococcus pyogenes. SLS belongs to a large family of azole-containing natural products that are biosynthesized via an evolutionarily conserved pathway. SLS is an important virulence factor during S. pyogenes infections, but despite an extensive history of study, further investigations are needed to clarify several steps of its biosynthesis. To this end, chem. inhibitors of SLS biosynthesis would be valuable tools to interrogate the various maturation steps of both SLS and biosynthetically related natural products. Such chem. inhibitors could also potentially serve as antivirulence therapeutics, which in theory may alleviate the spread of antibiotic resistance. In this work, the authors demonstrate that FDA-approved HIV protease inhibitors, especially nelfinavir, block a key proteolytic processing step during SLS production This inhibition was demonstrated in live S. pyogenes cells and through in vitro protease inhibition assays. A panel of 57 nelfinavir analogs was synthesized, leading to a series of compounds with improved anti-SLS activity while illuminating structure-activity relationships. Nelfinavir was also found to inhibit the maturation of other azole-containing natural products, namely those involved in listeriolysin S, clostridiolysin S, and plantazolicin production The use of nelfinavir analogs as inhibitors of SLS production has allowed us to begin examining the proteolysis event in SLS maturation and will aid in further investigations of the biosynthesis of SLS and related natural products. The experimental process involved the reaction of 2-Chloro-4-nitrobenzoic acid(cas: 99-60-5).Name: 2-Chloro-4-nitrobenzoic acid

The Article related to hiv protease inhibitor streptolysin antibacterial streptococcus, Pharmacology: Structure-Activity and other aspects.Name: 2-Chloro-4-nitrobenzoic acid

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

On March 22, 2018, Gordon, Christopher P.; Dalton, Neal; Vandegraaff, Nicholas; Deadman, John; Rhodes, David I.; Coates, Jonathan A.; Pyne, Stephen G.; Griffith, Renate; Bremner, John B.; Keller, Paul A. published an article.Related Products of 99-60-5 The title of the article was A structure-based design approach to advance the allyltyrosine-based series of HIV integrase inhibitors. And the article contained the following:

As of mid-2017, only one structure of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) integrase core domain co-crystallized with an active site inhibitor was reported. In this structure (1QS4), integrase is complexed with a diketo-acid based strand-transfer inhibitor (INSTI). This structure has been a preferred platform for the structure-based design of INSTIs despite concerns relating to structural irregularities arising from crystallog. packing effects. A survey of the current pool of 297 reported integrase catalytic core structures indicated that the anatomy of the active site in the complex structure 1QS4 exhibits subtle variations relative to all other structures examined Consequently, the 1QS4 structure was employed for docking studies. From the docking of twenty-seven allyltyrosine analogs, a 3-point inhibitor binding motif required for activity was established and successfully utilized in the development of a tripeptide displaying an EC50 value of 10 ± 5 μM in HIV infected human T-cells. Addnl. docking of “inhouse” compound libraries unearthed a Me ester based nitrile derivative displaying an IC50 value of 0.5 μM in a combined 3′-processing and strand-transfer assay. The experimental process involved the reaction of 2-Chloro-4-nitrobenzoic acid(cas: 99-60-5).Related Products of 99-60-5

The Article related to structure preparation allyltyrosine derivative hiv integrase inhibitor, Pharmacology: Structure-Activity and other aspects.Related Products of 99-60-5

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

On January 15, 2016, Cui, Zhishan; Li, Xi; Li, Lulu; Zhang, Bin; Gao, Chunmei; Chen, Yuzong; Tan, Chunyan; Liu, Hongxia; Xie, Weiyi; Yang, Ti; Jiang, Yuyang published an article.Related Products of 99-60-5 The title of the article was Design, synthesis and evaluation of acridine derivatives as multi-target Src and MEK kinase inhibitors for anti-tumor treatment. And the article contained the following:

Clin. studies have shown enhanced anticancer effects of combined inhibition of Src and MEK kinases. Development of multi-target drugs against Src and MEK is of potential therapeutic advantage against cancers. As a follow-up of our previous studies, and by using mol. docking method, we designed and synthesized a new series of 9-anilinoacridines containing phenyl-urea moieties as potential novel dual Src and MEK inhibitors. The anti-proliferative assays against K562 and HepG-2 tumor cells showed that most of the derivatives displayed good cytotoxicity in vitro. In particular, kinase inhibition assays showed that compound 8m inhibited Src (59.67%) and MEK (43.23%) at 10 μM, and displayed moderate inhibitory activity against ERK and AKT, the downstream effectors of both Src and MEK. Moreover, compound 8m was found to induce K562 cells apoptosis. Structure-activity relationships of these derivatives were analyzed. Our study suggested that acridine scaffold, particularly compound 8m, is of potential interest for developing novel multi-target Src and MEK kinase inhibitors. The experimental process involved the reaction of 2-Chloro-4-nitrobenzoic acid(cas: 99-60-5).Related Products of 99-60-5

The Article related to acridine derivative preparation src mek kinase inhibitor cancer, acridine, antitumor, apoptosis, kinase inhibitor, mek, src, Pharmacology: Structure-Activity and other aspects.Related Products of 99-60-5

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

On October 1, 2015, Song, Kebiao; Xu, Xing; Liu, Peng; Chen, Lili; Shen, Xu; Liu, Junhua; Hu, Lihong published an article.Related Products of 99-60-5 The title of the article was Discovery and SAR study of 3-(tert-butyl)-4-hydroxyphenyl benzoate and benzamide derivatives as novel farnesoid X receptor (FXR) antagonists. And the article contained the following:

3-(Tert-Butyl)-4-hydroxyphenyl 2,4-dichlorobenzoate (1) was discovered in our inhouse high throughput screening as a moderate FXR antagonist. To improve the potency and the stability of the hit 1, forty derivatives were synthesized and SAR was systematically explored. The results turn out that replacing the 2,4-dichlorophenyl with 2,6-dichloro-4-amidophenyl shows great improvement in potency, replacing the benzoate with benzamide shows improvement in stability and slight declining of potency and 3-(tert-butyl)-4-hydroxyphenyl unit is essential in obtaining the FXR antagonistic activity. The experimental process involved the reaction of 2-Chloro-4-nitrobenzoic acid(cas: 99-60-5).Related Products of 99-60-5

The Article related to farnesoid fxr antagonist benzoate benzamide derivative preparation structure activity, fxr, fxr antagonist, non-steroidal, sar study, Pharmacology: Structure-Activity and other aspects.Related Products of 99-60-5

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

On October 20, 2015, Caraballo, Remi; Larsson, Mikael; Nilsson, Stefan K.; Ericsson, Madelene; Qian, Weixing; Nguyen Tran, Nam Phuong; Kindahl, Tomas; Svensson, Richard; Saar, Valeria; Artursson, Per; Olivecrona, Gunilla; Enquist, Per-Anders; Elofsson, Mikael published an article.Recommanded Product: 99-60-5 The title of the article was Structure-activity relationships for lipoprotein lipase agonists that lower plasma triglycerides in vivo. And the article contained the following:

The risk of cardiovascular events increases in individuals with elevated plasma triglyceride (TG) levels, therefore advocating the need for efficient TG-lowering drugs. In the blood circulation, TG levels are regulated by lipoprotein lipase (LPL), an unstable enzyme that is only active as a non-covalently associated homodimer. We recently reported on a N-phenylphthalimide derivative (1) that stabilizes LPL in vitro, and moderately lowers triglycerides in vivo (Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun.2014, 450, 1063). Herein, we establish structure-activity relationships of 51 N-phenylphthalimide analogs of the screening hit 1. In vitro evaluation highlighted that modifications on the phthalimide moiety were not tolerated and that lipophilic substituents on the central Ph ring were functionally essential. The substitution pattern on the central Ph ring also proved important to stabilize LPL. However, in vitro testing demonstrated rapid degradation of the phthalimide fragment in plasma which was addressed by replacing the phthalimide scaffold with other heterocyclic fragments. The in vitro potency was retained or improved and substance 80 proved stable in plasma and efficiently lowered plasma TGs in vivo. The experimental process involved the reaction of 2-Chloro-4-nitrobenzoic acid(cas: 99-60-5).Recommanded Product: 99-60-5

The Article related to structure preparation lipoprotein lipase agonist triglyceride, agonist, lpl, lipoprotein lipase, structure–activity relationship, triglyceride, Pharmacology: Structure-Activity and other aspects.Recommanded Product: 99-60-5

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Kaur, Avneet; Pathak, Dharam P.; Sharma, Vidushi; Wakode, Sharad published an article in 2018, the title of the article was Synthesis, molecular docking, and pharmacological evaluation of N-(2-(3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)benzoxazole-5-yl)benzamide derivatives as selective COX-2 inhibitors and anti-inflammatory agents.Recommanded Product: 2-Chloro-4-nitrobenzoic acid And the article contains the following content:

A series of N-(2-(3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)benzoxazole-5-yl)benzamide derivatives was synthesized and evaluated for their in vitro inhibitory activity against COX-1 and COX-2. The compounds with considerable in vitro activity (IC50 < 1 μM) were evaluated in vivo for their anti-inflammatory potential by the carrageenan-induced rat paw edema method. Out of 13 newly synthesized compounds, six compounds were found to be the most potent COX-2 inhibitors in the in vitro enzymic assay, with IC50 values in the range of 0.06-0.71 μM. The in vivo anti-inflammatory activity of these compounds was assessed by the carrageenan-induced rat paw edema method. Compounds I (84.09%), II (79.54%), and III (70.45%) demonstrated significant anti-inflammatory activity compared to the standard drug ibuprofen (65.90%) and were also found to be safer than ibuprofen, by ulcerogenic studies. A docking study was done using the crystal structure of human COX-2, to understand the binding mechanism of these inhibitors to the active site of COX-2. The experimental process involved the reaction of 2-Chloro-4-nitrobenzoic acid(cas: 99-60-5).Recommanded Product: 2-Chloro-4-nitrobenzoic acid

The Article related to docking cox2 inhibitor antiinflammatory inflammation, cox-1, cox-2, n-(3,5-dimethoxphenyl)-benzoxazole, anti-inflammatory activity, ulcerogenic activity, Pharmacology: Structure-Activity and other aspects.Recommanded Product: 2-Chloro-4-nitrobenzoic acid

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics