Tag: 300-400

Recyclable NiO/sepiolite as adsorbent to remove organic dye and its regeneration was written by Gao, Shu;Wang, Dahua;Huang, Zhi;Su, Chengyuan;Chen, Menglin;Lin, Xiangfeng. And the article was included in Scientific Reports in 2022.Recommanded Product: 61-73-4 This article mentions the following:

In this study, the impregnation synthesis of NiO/sepiolite and its application for dye removal during wastewater treatment is introduced. The NiO/sepiolite materials act as an adsorbent/catalyst. It comprises a unique combination of adsorption and high-temperature gas flow regeneration (the NiO/sepiolite acts as a catalyst at this stage, using regeneration rate as evaluation index of catalytic activity of NiO/sepiolite) in a single unit, in which the NiO/sepiolite was regenerated and reused for the next round adsorption of dye. An aqueous solution of methylene blue was used to evaluate the adsorption and regeneration performance of the adsorbent/catalyst. The regeneration rate reached 74% when the reaction time and temperature were 7 min and 350掳C, resp. The effects of the regeneration temperature and volume fraction of O2 on the regeneration rate were investigated. And the regeneration reaction kinetics was provided. The combination of adsorptive and catalytic properties in the NiO/sepiolite composites received interesting results for removing refractory biodegradable organic pollutants. This work provides new insights for the removal of dye from wastewater using Ni catalysts supported on natural low-cost clay. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3,7-Bis(dimethylamino)phenothiazin-5-ium chloride (cas: 61-73-4Recommanded Product: 61-73-4).

3,7-Bis(dimethylamino)phenothiazin-5-ium chloride (cas: 61-73-4) belongs to organic chlorides. Chlorination modifies the physical properties of hydrocarbons in several ways. These compounds are typically denser than water due to the higher atomic weight of chlorine versus hydrogen. Organochlorine compounds are lipophylic, meaning they are more soluble in fat than in water. This gives them a high tenancy to accumulate in the food chain (biomagnification).Recommanded Product: 61-73-4

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Continuous Dermal Exposure to Triclocarban Perturbs the Homeostasis of Liver-Gut Axis in Mice: Insights from Metabolic Interactions and Microbiome Shifts was written by Zhang, Hongna;Liang, Yanshan;Wu, Pengfei;Shi, Xianru;Zhang, Guodong;Cai, Zongwei. And the article was included in Environmental Science & Technology in 2021.COA of Formula: C13H9Cl3N2O This article mentions the following:

Humans are constantly exposed to antimicrobial triclocarban (TCC) via direct skin contact with personal care and consumer products, but the safety of long-term dermal exposure to TCC remains largely unknown. Herein, we used a mouse model to evaluate the potential health risks from the continuous dermal application of TCC at human-relevant concentrations After percutaneous absorption, TCC circulated in the bloodstream and largely entered the liver-gut axis for metabolic disposition. Nontargeted metabolomics approach revealed that TCC exposure perturbed mouse liver homeostasis, as evidenced by the increased oxidative stress and impaired methylation capacity, leading to oxidative damage and enhancement of upstream glycolysis and folate-dependent one-carbon metabolism Meanwhile, TCC was transformed in the liver through hydroxylation, dechlorination, methylation, glucuronidation, sulfation, and glutathione conjugation. TCC-derived xenobiotics were subsequently excreted into the gut, and glucuronide and sulfate metabolites could be further deconjugated by the gut microbiota into their active free forms. In addition, microbial community anal. showed that the composition of gut microbiome was altered in response to TCC exposure, indicating the perturbation of gut homeostasis. Together, through tracking the xenobiotic-biol. interactions in vivo, this study provides novel insights into the underlying impacts of dermally absorbed TCC on the liver and gut microenvironments. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-(4-Chlorophenyl)-3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)urea (cas: 101-20-2COA of Formula: C13H9Cl3N2O).

1-(4-Chlorophenyl)-3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)urea (cas: 101-20-2) belongs to organic chlorides. Organic chlorides can cause corrosion in pipelines, valves and condensers, and cause catalyst poisoning. The hydrocarbon processing industry (HPI) and others are affected by damage caused by these substances. Organochlorine compounds are lipophylic, meaning they are more soluble in fat than in water. This gives them a high tenancy to accumulate in the food chain (biomagnification).COA of Formula: C13H9Cl3N2O

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Modeling the fate and human health impacts of pharmaceuticals and personal care products in reclaimed wastewater irrigation for agriculture was written by Shahriar, Abrar;Tan, Junwei;Sharma, Priyamvada;Hanigan, David;Verburg, Paul;Pagilla, Krishna;Yang, Yu. And the article was included in Environmental Pollution (Oxford, United Kingdom) in 2021.COA of Formula: C13H9Cl3N2O This article mentions the following:

Wastewater reclamation and reuse for agriculture have attracted a great deal of interest, due to water stress caused by rapid increase in human population and agricultural water demand as well as climate change. However, the application of treated wastewater for irrigation can lead to the accumulation of pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) in the agricultural crops, grazing animals, and consequently to human dietary exposure. In this study, a model was developed to simulate the fate of five PPCPs; triclosan (TCS), carbamazepine (CBZ), naproxen (NPX), gemfibrozil (GFB), and fluoxetine (FXT) during wastewater reuse for agriculture, and potential human dietary exposure and health risk. In a reclaimed wastewater-irrigated grazing farm growing alfalfa, it took 100-535 days for PPCPs to achieve the steady-state concentrations of 1.43 x 10^-6, 4.73 x 10^-5, 1.17 x 10^-6, 1.53 x 10^-5, and 7.38 x 10^-6 mg/kg for TCS, CBZ, NPX, GFB, and FXT in soils, resp. The accumulated concentration of PPCPs in the plant (alfalfa) and grazing animals (beef) ranged 2.86 x 10^-7– 4.02 x 10^-3 and 4.39 x 10^-15– 6.27 x 10^-7mg/kg, resp. Human dietary exposure to these compounds through beef consumption was calculated to be 1.67 x 10^-18– 1.74 x 10^-10 mg/kg bodyweight/d, much lower than the acceptable daily intake (ADI). Similar results were obtained for a ‘typical’ reclaimed wastewater irrigated farm based on the typical setup using our model. Screening anal. showed that PPCPs with relatively high LogD value and lower ratios of degradation rate (in soils) to plant uptake have a greater potential to be transferred to humans and cause potential health risks. We established a modeling method for evaluating the fate and human health effects of PPCPs in reclaimed wastewater reuse for the agricultural system and developed an index for screening PPCPs with high potential to accumulate in agricultural products. The model and findings are valuable for managing water reuse for irrigation and mitigating the harmful effects of PPCPs. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-(4-Chlorophenyl)-3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)urea (cas: 101-20-2COA of Formula: C13H9Cl3N2O).

1-(4-Chlorophenyl)-3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)urea (cas: 101-20-2) belongs to organic chlorides. An organic chloride is an organic compound containing at least one covalently bonded atom of chlorine. Their wide structural variety and divergent chemical properties lead to a broad range of names and applications. Alkyl chlorides readily react with amines to give substituted amines. Alkyl chlorides are substituted by softer halides such as the iodide in the Finkelstein reaction.COA of Formula: C13H9Cl3N2O

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

A high-throughput screening assay for identification of chemicals with liver tumor promoting potential using a transgenic zebrafish line was written by Chen, Sheng;Wu, Jian;Li, Meng;Sun, Qian;Gong, Zhiyuan;Letcher, Robert J.;Liu, Chunsheng. And the article was included in Chemosphere in 2022.Quality Control of 1-(4-Chlorophenyl)-3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)urea This article mentions the following:

Traditional high-throughput methods for identification of chems. with liver tumor promotion potentials are based on established cancer cell lines, and rapid and cost-effective high-throughput screening assays in whole organisms are presently lacking. In this study, a transgenic zebrafish liver cancer model was employed to develop a method that could be used to identify chems. with liver tumor promotion effect quickly and accurately. The method consisted of three parts, including exposure preparation, exposure process and image acquisition. In brief, after chem. exposure for 7 days, 96-well plate exposure system for zebrafish larvae was assessed by microplate reader. Then, the liver cancer promoting potential chems. were evaluated by field area and field average intensity of fluorescence. The results were further validated by conducting histopathol. examination Our data demonstrated that the high-throughput screening assay developed in this study was reproducible and could be used to rapidly screen chems. with liver tumor promoting potentials by using tris-(2-chloropropyl)-phosphate (TDCIPP) as a pos. control. Furthermore, some other pos. chems. found in previous studies and environmental compounds were assessed using the established method. Results indicated that 86.7% of the pos. chems. and five environmental compounds out of seventeen compounds could enhance liver tumor progression. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-(4-Chlorophenyl)-3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)urea (cas: 101-20-2Quality Control of 1-(4-Chlorophenyl)-3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)urea).

1-(4-Chlorophenyl)-3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)urea (cas: 101-20-2) belongs to organic chlorides. Organochlorines are organic compounds having multiple chlorine atoms. They were the first synthetic pesticides that were used in agriculture. They are resistant to most microbial and chemical degradations.While alkyl bromides and iodides are more reactive, alkyl chlorides tend to be less expensive and more readily available. Alkyl chlorides readily undergo attack by nucleophiles.Quality Control of 1-(4-Chlorophenyl)-3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)urea

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Synthesis and characterization of a novel polyorganosiloxane having a bigger sized tubular structure and its supramolecular clathrate was written by Liu, Chunqing;Liu, Zhihua;Xie, Ping;Dai, Daorong;Zhang, Rongben;Zhu, Chuanfeng;Wang, Chen;He, Chaobin;Chung, Neal Tai-Shung. And the article was included in Polymers for Advanced Technologies in 2002.Recommanded Product: Dichlorodi(cyclopenta-1,3-dien-1-yl)platinate(II) This article mentions the following:

A novel polyorganosiloxane having a bigger sized tubular structure, tubular polymer (TP) was synthesized successfully by hydrosilylation reaction of reactive cis-isotactic ladder-like polyallylsilsesquioxane (Allyl-T) with coupling agent p-bis(dimethylhydrogensilyl)oxydiphenylene (M) in the presence of dicyclopentadienylplatinum(II) chloride (Cp₂PtCl₂) catalyst. A novel supramol. TP clathrate (TP/LC) was prepared by in situ encapsulating rod-like liquid crystalline mol. within the pore of TP. The Allyl-T was prepared by stepwise coupling polymerization Various characterization methods including solubility test, FT-IR, ¹H-NMR, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), gel permeation chromatog. (GPC), vapor pressure osmometer (VPO), X-ray diffraction (XRD), at. force microscopy (AFM), polarized optical microscopy (POM) and mol. simulation were used and the results not only proved the existence of nano-scale tubular structures in the TP, but also demonstrated that a novel soluble supramol. clathrate had been formed. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Dichlorodi(cyclopenta-1,3-dien-1-yl)platinate(II) (cas: 12083-92-0Recommanded Product: Dichlorodi(cyclopenta-1,3-dien-1-yl)platinate(II)).

Dichlorodi(cyclopenta-1,3-dien-1-yl)platinate(II) (cas: 12083-92-0) belongs to organic chlorides. Chlorinated organic compounds are found in nearly every class of biomolecules and natural products including alkaloids, terpenes, amino acids, flavonoids, steroids, and fatty acids. Aryl chlorides may be prepared by the Friedel-Crafts halogenation, using chlorine and a Lewis acid catalyst.Recommanded Product: Dichlorodi(cyclopenta-1,3-dien-1-yl)platinate(II)

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Nucleophilic Attack of Carbonyl-Stabilized Phosphorus Ylides on Neutral and Cationic Alkene Platinum(II) Complexes was written by Vicente, Jose;Chicote, Maria Teresa;MacBeath, Calum;Jones, Peter G.. And the article was included in Organometallics in 2003.Application In Synthesis of Dichlorodi(cyclopenta-1,3-dien-1-yl)platinate(II) This article mentions the following:

The carbonyl-stabilized phosphorus ylides Ph₃P:CHCO₂R (R = Me, Et) react with the platinum complexes [PtCl(畏²-CH₂:CH₂)(N,N,N’,N’-tetramethylethylenediamine)]ClO₄ and [PtCl₂(畏⁴-diene)] (diene = 1,5-hexadiene (C₆H₁₀), dicyclopentadiene (C₁₀H₁₂), 4-vinylcyclohex-1-ene (C₈H₁₂), norbornadiene (C₇H₈)) to give complexes resulting from nucleophilic attack of the ylide at one of the olefinic carbons. The crystal structures of [PtCl₂{畏³-C₆H₁₀CH(PPh₃)CO₂Et}], [PtCl₂{畏³-C₁₀H₁₂CH(PPh₃)CO₂Me}]路0.5CH₂Cl₂, and [PtCl₂{畏³-C₈H₁₂CH(PPh₃)CO₂Me}]路2CHCl₃ are reported and indicate an exo attack in the case of the dicyclopentadiene complex and anti-Markovnikov addition (attack at the CH₂ group) in the other two complexes. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Dichlorodi(cyclopenta-1,3-dien-1-yl)platinate(II) (cas: 12083-92-0Application In Synthesis of Dichlorodi(cyclopenta-1,3-dien-1-yl)platinate(II)).

Dichlorodi(cyclopenta-1,3-dien-1-yl)platinate(II) (cas: 12083-92-0) belongs to organic chlorides. An organic chloride is an organic compound containing at least one covalently bonded atom of chlorine. Their wide structural variety and divergent chemical properties lead to a broad range of names and applications. The haloform reaction, using chlorine and sodium hydroxide, is also able to generate alkyl halides from methyl ketones, and related compounds. Chloroform was formerly produced thus.Application In Synthesis of Dichlorodi(cyclopenta-1,3-dien-1-yl)platinate(II)

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

An integrated screening strategy for novel AhR agonist candidate identification and toxicity confirmation in sediments was written by Xie, Ruili;Xu, Yiping;Ma, Mei;Wang, Zijian. And the article was included in Science of the Total Environment in 2022.Recommanded Product: 101-20-2 This article mentions the following:

Organic contaminants showing aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) agonist activity are commonly detected in areas disturbed by intense human activities and they can initiate a variety of biochem., physiol., and toxicol. effects. A new integrated screening strategy for AhR agonist candidate identification and toxicity confirmation was developed to characterize the AhR-active pollutants in sediments of the contaminated Daqing River basin (DRB) in North China. The specific objectives were to (i) determine the concentrations of known AhR agonists, (ii) identify the novel AhR agonist candidates from nontarget screening (NTS) with structure alerts, computational toxicol. (CompTox) Dashboard bioassays, and in silico predictions, and (iii) evaluate contributions of AhR agonists to the overall potencies and characterize the distribution and source of these pollutants. Significant AhR-mediated potencies were observed in all sediment extracts by in vitro bioassays. Concentrations of polar target chems. in sediment extracts were much lower than nonpolar target chems. A total of 19 known AhR agonists explained 11.3 % to 49.1 % of bioassay-derived AhR-mediated potencies and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) 126 and PCB169 were found to contribute significantly to the total effects. 21 compounds screened from NTS by AhR-related structure alerts and further confirmed toxicity by high-throughput bioassays and in silico predictions were selected as AhR agonist candidates. Most of them were substituted PAHs, biphenyls, quinones, substituted phenols and heterocyclic compounds, and they primarily originated from nearby manufacturing industries. Of these compounds, 1-methy-pyrene exhibited significant AhR-mediated potency. Follow up studies should focus on toxicol. mechanism, source, and fate of these novel AhR agonists in water environment. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-(4-Chlorophenyl)-3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)urea (cas: 101-20-2Recommanded Product: 101-20-2).

1-(4-Chlorophenyl)-3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)urea (cas: 101-20-2) belongs to organic chlorides. Chlorinated organic compounds are found in nearly every class of biomolecules and natural products including alkaloids, terpenes, amino acids, flavonoids, steroids, and fatty acids. Alkanes and aryl alkanes may be chlorinated under free radical conditions, with UV light. However, the extent of chlorination is difficult to control.Recommanded Product: 101-20-2

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

An amidase and a novel phenol hydroxylase catalyze the degradation of the antibacterial agent triclocarban by Rhodococcus rhodochrous was written by Li, Chunyan;Sun, Yueling;Sun, Guanjun;Zang, Hailian;Sun, Shanshan;Zhao, Xinyue;Hou, Ning;Li, Dapeng. And the article was included in Journal of Hazardous Materials in 2022.Product Details of 101-20-2 This article mentions the following:

Triclocarban (TCC) is an emerging and intractable environmental contaminant due to its hydrophobicity and chem. stability. However, the antibacterial property of TCC limits its biodegradation, and only the functional enzyme TccA involved in TCC degradation has been characterized to date. In this study, we report a highly efficient TCC-degrading bacterium, Rhodococcus rhodochrous BX2, that could degrade and mineralize TCC (10 mg/L) by 76.8% and 56.5%, resp., within 5 days. Subsequently, the TCC biodegradation pathway was predicted based on the detection of metabolites using modern mass spectrometry techniques. Furthermore, an amidase (TccS) and a novel phenol hydroxylase (PH_IND) encoded by the tccS and PH_IND genes, resp., were identified by genomic and transcriptomic analyses of strain BX2, and these enzymes were further unequivocally proven to be the key enzymes responsible for the metabolism of TCC and its intermediate 4-chloroaniline (4-CA) by using a combination of heterologous expression and gene knockout. Our results shed new light on the mechanism of TCC biodegradation and better utilization of microbes to remediate TCC contamination. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-(4-Chlorophenyl)-3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)urea (cas: 101-20-2Product Details of 101-20-2).

1-(4-Chlorophenyl)-3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)urea (cas: 101-20-2) belongs to organic chlorides. Organochlorines stimulate the central nervous system and cause convulsions, tremor, nausea, and mental confusion. Examples are dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), chlordane, lindane, endosulfan, and dieldrin. Organochlorine compounds are lipophylic, meaning they are more soluble in fat than in water. This gives them a high tenancy to accumulate in the food chain (biomagnification).Product Details of 101-20-2

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Copper oxide nanoparticles using Mentha spicata leaves as antibacterial, antibiofilm, free radical scavenging agent and efficient photocatalyst to degrade methylene blue dyes was written by Malaikozhundan, Balasubramanian;Lakshmi, Venkatesan Namagiri;Krishnamoorthi, Raman. And the article was included in Materials Today Communications in 2022.Recommanded Product: 61-73-4 This article mentions the following:

In this findings, CuO NPs were made by an easy, eco-friendly, and economical approach using the leaf extract of M. spicata. The prepared Ms-CuO NPs exhibited characteristic absorbance peak at 320 nm with a band gap of 3.87 eV. XRD revealed the presence of crystalline particle with size of 11.28 nm as determined by the Scherrer equation. FTIR revealed the role of various functional mols. in the bio-reduction of copper salts to copper ions (Cu²⁺). The spherical shaped particles with the mean size of 36 nm were visualized through TEM microscopic image. EDX anal. also confirmed the elemental signals of Cu (91.58%) and O (8.42%) resp. The biosynthesized Ms-CuO NPs displayed a significant inhibition of Gram-pos. Streptococcus pyogenes and Staphylococcus aureus at all tested concentrations The inhibition size against S. pyogenes and S. aureus was 27.5 卤 0.5 mm and 26.2 卤 0.2 mm at 100渭g mL^-1 resp. On the other hand, the inhibition against K. pneumoniae and E. coli was 17.4 卤 0.6 mm and 18.2 卤 0.1 mm at 100渭g mL^-1 resp. Moreover, a significant inhibition of H₂O₂ (84%) at 100渭g mL^-1 demonstrates the free radical scavenging activity of Ms-CuO NPs. Furthermore, the Ms-CuO NPs have shown excellent degradation potential for industrial dyes i.e., Methylene blue (MB) and was noticed by the gradual decrease in the absorbance (at 460 nm) within 7 h of reaction. The percentage of MB dye degraded was 34% at 1 h which was substantially increased to 98% after 7 h. This study suggests that the Ms-CuO NPs may serve as a promising bactericidal, antibiofilm and antioxidant agent. Also, Ms-CuO NPs could be effectively used in the purification of water bodies contaminated with harmful industrial dyes to reduce toxicity. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3,7-Bis(dimethylamino)phenothiazin-5-ium chloride (cas: 61-73-4Recommanded Product: 61-73-4).

3,7-Bis(dimethylamino)phenothiazin-5-ium chloride (cas: 61-73-4) belongs to organic chlorides. Organochlorines stimulate the central nervous system and cause convulsions, tremor, nausea, and mental confusion. Examples are dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), chlordane, lindane, endosulfan, and dieldrin. Alkyl chlorides readily react with amines to give substituted amines. Alkyl chlorides are substituted by softer halides such as the iodide in the Finkelstein reaction.Recommanded Product: 61-73-4

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

N-doped carbon intercalated Fe-doped MoS₂ nanosheets with widened interlayer spacing: An efficient peroxymonosulfate activator for high-salinity organic wastewater treatment was written by Chen, Xi;Li, Songrong;Yang, Peizhen;Chen, Yunfeng;Xue, Cheng;Long, Yuhan;Han, Jiayan;Su, Jianming;Huang, Wenli;Liu, Dongfang. And the article was included in Journal of Colloid and Interface Science in 2022.Name: 3,7-Bis(dimethylamino)phenothiazin-5-ium chloride This article mentions the following:

Peroxymonosulfate (PMS) heterogeneous catalysis dominated by nonradical pathway showed excellent adaptability for pollutant removal in complex water matrixes. Herein, ultra-small Fe-doped MoS₂ nanosheets with N-doped carbon intercalation (CF-MoS₂) were synthesized via a one-step hydrothermal method to treat high salinity organic wastewater. CF-MoS₂ exhibited an expanded interlayer spacing by 1.63 times and the sp. surface area by 9 times compared with Fe-doped MoS₂ (F-MoS₂), substantially increasing the active sites. Homogeneous Fe2+ catalytic experiments confirmed that the promotion of carbon intercalated MoS₂ (C-MoS₂) on Fe³⁺/Fe²⁺ redox cycle was much higher than pure MoS₂. Besides, the considerable removal of tetracycline (TC) under high salinity conditions (0-7.1%) was attributed to the dominant role of PMS nonradical oxidation pathways, including ¹O₂ and surface-bound radicals. The catalytic sites included Fe³⁺/Fe²⁺, Mo⁴⁺/Mo⁵⁺/Mo⁶⁺, C=O, pyridine N, pyrrolic N and hydroxyl groups. Finally, d. functional theory (DFT) was employed to get the radical electrophilic attack sites and nucleophile attack sites of TC, and the results were consistent with the TC degradation products determined by HPLC-MS. This work would broaden the application of MoS₂-based catalysts, especially for PMS catalytic removal of organic pollutants from high salinity wastewater. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3,7-Bis(dimethylamino)phenothiazin-5-ium chloride (cas: 61-73-4Name: 3,7-Bis(dimethylamino)phenothiazin-5-ium chloride).

3,7-Bis(dimethylamino)phenothiazin-5-ium chloride (cas: 61-73-4) belongs to organic chlorides. Organochlorines stimulate the central nervous system and cause convulsions, tremor, nausea, and mental confusion. Examples are dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), chlordane, lindane, endosulfan, and dieldrin. Alkanes and aryl alkanes may be chlorinated under free radical conditions, with UV light. However, the extent of chlorination is difficult to control.Name: 3,7-Bis(dimethylamino)phenothiazin-5-ium chloride

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics