Tag: 300-400

Determination of trace organic contaminants by a novel mixed-mode online solid-phase extraction coupled to liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry was written by Zou, Jianmin;Yao, Bo;Yan, Shuwen;Song, Weihua. And the article was included in Environmental Pollution (Oxford, United Kingdom) in 2022.Category: chlorides-buliding-blocks This article mentions the following:

In this study, a novel mixed-mode online solid-phase extraction (SPE) method was developed to recover miscellaneous trace organic contaminants (TrOCs) from environmental water samples. Six kinds of sorbents, including C18 substances, hypercrosslinked polymers (2), cation-exchange resins, anion-exchange resins, and graphitized nonporous carbons, were packed into a single online SPE cartridge. Furthermore, a fully automated analytic method was established by coupling this mixed-mode online SPE with liquid chromatog. tandem mass spectrometry (online SPE-LC-MS/MS). Sixty-nine TrOCs with diverse properties were selected to examine the performance of this mixed-mode SPE cartridge in comparison with solo-mode online SPE cartridges. The method quantification limit (MQL) and the relative recovery coefficient of TrOCs in diverse water matrixes, including groundwater, surface water and sewage effluent were evaluated. The MQL of most TrOCs was lower than 10 ng L^-1. The relative recovery coefficients for most TrOCs in the groundwater (50/69) and surface water (38/69) matrix fit in the satisfactory range. Moreover, mixed-mode online SPE coupled with LC-high-resolution MS was applied for a suspect screening of TrOCs in sewage effluents. A series of highly polar TrOCs that had scarcely been reported by previous studies were identified by this practical and easily accessible method. Finally, this novel mixed-mode online SPE with LC-MS/MS method was applied to quantify the TrOCs in the environmental water samples. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-(4-Chlorophenyl)-3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)urea (cas: 101-20-2Category: chlorides-buliding-blocks).

1-(4-Chlorophenyl)-3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)urea (cas: 101-20-2) belongs to organic chlorides. Organochlorines are organic compounds having multiple chlorine atoms. They were the first synthetic pesticides that were used in agriculture. They are resistant to most microbial and chemical degradations. Organochlorine compounds are lipophylic, meaning they are more soluble in fat than in water. This gives them a high tenancy to accumulate in the food chain (biomagnification).Category: chlorides-buliding-blocks

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Strengths of Acids in Acetonitrile was written by Kuett, Agnes;Tshepelevitsh, Sofja;Saame, Jaan;Lokov, Maert;Kaljurand, Ivari;Selberg, Sigrid;Leito, Ivo. And the article was included in European Journal of Organic Chemistry in 2021.Related Products of 101-20-2 This article mentions the following:

The equilibrium acidity scale (pK_a scale) in acetonitrile has been supplemented by numerous new compounds and new ΔpK_a measurements. It now contains altogether 231 acids – over twice more than published previously – linked by 569 ΔpK_a measurements and spans between the pK_a values of hydrogen iodide (2.8) and indole (32.57), covering close to 30 orders of magnitude. Measurement results acquired over the last 15 years were added to the scale and new least-squares treatment was carried out. The treatment yielded revised pK_a values for the compounds published previously, with the root mean square difference between revised and previous values 0.04, demonstrating very good stability of the scale. Correlation equations were developed for estimating pK_a values for the studied types of compounds in water, DMSO, DMF, and 1,2-dichloroethane on the basis of pK_a values in acetonitrile. These equations enable predicting pK_a values with an average error around or less than 1 pK_a unit, which is a sufficient accuracy for many applications. The scale is expected to be a useful tool for the widest possible research areas in organic chem., electrochem. power sources, catalysis, etc. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-(4-Chlorophenyl)-3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)urea (cas: 101-20-2Related Products of 101-20-2).

1-(4-Chlorophenyl)-3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)urea (cas: 101-20-2) belongs to organic chlorides. Organochlorines stimulate the central nervous system and cause convulsions, tremor, nausea, and mental confusion. Examples are dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), chlordane, lindane, endosulfan, and dieldrin. Alkyl chlorides readily react with amines to give substituted amines. Alkyl chlorides are substituted by softer halides such as the iodide in the Finkelstein reaction.Related Products of 101-20-2

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Highly enhanced biodegradation of pharmaceutical and personal care products in a novel tidal flow constructed wetland with baffle and plants was written by Cheng, Yu-Xiao;Chen, Jun;Wu, Dan;Liu, You-Sheng;Yang, Yong-Qiang;He, Lu-Xi;Ye, Pu;Zhao, Jian-Liang;Liu, Shuang-Shuang;Yang, Bin;Ying, Guang-Guo. And the article was included in Water Research in 2021.Reference of 101-20-2 This article mentions the following:

Research on decentralized wastewaters deserves special focus due to the potential abundance of emerging organic pollutants including pharmaceutical and personal care products (PPCPs), which might pose serious threats to the local water bodies and even to human health. Constructed wetland (CW) is a common decentralized wastewater treatment technol., with a certain ability to eliminate PPCPs. Nonetheless, PPCPs removal in common CWs is frequently challenging, besides, the removal mechanism remains elusive. Based on our previous study, tidal flow constructed wetlands (TFCWs) is effective in nitrogen removal. Here, 3 TFCWs with different modifications (baffle, plants, both baffle and plants) were constructed to treat raw domestic sewage and specifically to evaluate the removal efficiencies and mechanism of PPCPs. 24 PPCPs including 7 antibiotics, 8 steroid hormones and 9 biocides were detected in the level of 1.10 ± 0.29 ng/L-799 ± 10.6 ng/L in the influents. Consequently, we found that modification with both baffle and plants significantly influenced the removal of PPCPs. Moreover, the highest removal rates of biocides (97.1 ± 0.29%), steroid hormones (99.8 ± 0.02%), and antibiotics (90.2 ± 1.60%) were achieved via both baffles and plants in TFCWs. Based on the mass balance anal., microbial degradation dominated the removal of PPCPs with a percentage higher than 85.7%, followed by substrate adsorption (5.22 x 10^-2-14.3%) and plant uptake (1.66 x 10^-3-0.44%). Further, 16S rDNA sequencing anal. revealed that the presence of baffle and plants improve the removal efficiency of PPCPs by means of enhancing microbial diversity and changing dominant microorganisms. Moreover, Thaumarchaeota was potentially the key microorganism in the phylum level for PPCPs elimination by TFCWs through LEfSe (linear discriminant anal. (LDA) effect size) anal. These findings provide new insights into the removal of PPCPs in CWs. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-(4-Chlorophenyl)-3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)urea (cas: 101-20-2Reference of 101-20-2).

1-(4-Chlorophenyl)-3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)urea (cas: 101-20-2) belongs to organic chlorides. Organochlorines are organic compounds having multiple chlorine atoms. They were the first synthetic pesticides that were used in agriculture. They are resistant to most microbial and chemical degradations. Aryl chlorides may be prepared by the Friedel-Crafts halogenation, using chlorine and a Lewis acid catalyst.Reference of 101-20-2

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

The influence of heterostructured TiO₂/ZnO nanomaterials for the removal of azo dye pollutant was written by Gnanasekaran, Lalitha;Priya, A. K.;Ghfar, Ayman A.;Sekar, Karthikeyan;Santhamoorthy, Madhappan;Arthi, M.;Soto-Moscoso, Matias. And the article was included in Chemosphere in 2022.Recommanded Product: 61-73-4 This article mentions the following:

In recent times, there has been an inspired research on combining semiconducting metal oxides for improved industrial applications. Significantly, wastewater removal is concerned and the researchers are finding new methodologies for removing azo dyes that possess a high level of carcinogenic effects. In this connection, this work investigates the photocatalytic activity of synthesized TiO₂/ZnO nanocomposite irradiated under UV and visible light. The application of the work involves the removal of methylene blue (MB) dye solution Initial work begins with the novel synthesis of TiO₂/ZnO coupled system by integrated sol-gel and thermal decomposition methods. Then, various characterization techniques brought out the existing properties of the prepared TiO₂/ZnO catalyst. The X-ray diffraction measurements showed the assorted tetragonal and hexagonal structures. The spherical shape mixed with hexagonal shaped particles were perceived via transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Besides, from photoluminescence spectrum (PL) results, the TiO₂/ZnO coupled system displayed slowing down of charge recombination, because of the intermediate states that helps in intensifying the photocatalytic activity. The dual absorption bands corresponding to UV region were deep-rooted from UV-vis spectroscopy. Further, the valuable application of the catalyst in removing methylene blue (MB) dye under both UV and visible light was carried out. The catalyst had displayed 90% of degradation within 40 min under UV light conditions. The other hand, visible light illumination of the catalyst provides divergent results as it possess lesser light absorption. Therefore, this catalyst was unable to yield visible light photocatalytic activity. Hence, this captivating research would bring the wastewater treatment progression using UV light. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3,7-Bis(dimethylamino)phenothiazin-5-ium chloride (cas: 61-73-4Recommanded Product: 61-73-4).

3,7-Bis(dimethylamino)phenothiazin-5-ium chloride (cas: 61-73-4) belongs to organic chlorides. Organic chlorides can be used in production of: PVC, pesticides, chloromethane, teflon, insulators. Aryl chlorides may be prepared by the Friedel-Crafts halogenation, using chlorine and a Lewis acid catalyst.Recommanded Product: 61-73-4

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Engineering of the chloroaniline-catabolic plasmid pDCA-1 and its potential for genetic bioaugmentation was written by Ke, Zhuang;Wang, Shen;Dai, Weixian;Jia, Weibin;Mu, Yang;Jiang, Jiandong;Chen, Kai. And the article was included in International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation in 2022.Formula: C13H9Cl3N2O This article mentions the following:

Plasmids disseminate pollutant-catabolic genes through horizontal transfer and contribute to the catabolic potential of the host microbial community. Genetic bioaugmentation of conjugative catabolic plasmids has recently been considered an effective and novel approach for long-term bioremediation of contaminated sites. In this study, we engineered an IncP-1β-2 subgroup plasmid pDCA-1 from Achromobacter sp. ANB-1 for its potential application in genetic bioaugmentation. A dcaA1A2B cluster responsible for the deamination of chloroaniline to chlorocatechol and a 1,2-dioxygenase gene (ccdC) for the ring cleavage of chlorocatechol were found to locate on the broad host range plasmid pDCA-1. Insertion of an amidase gene (phh or tccA2) at the accessory region of plasmid pDCA-1 greatly expanded its catabolic substrate spectrum from chloroaniline (3-chloroaniline and 3,4-dichloroaniline) to herbicides (linuron, propanil, propham, and chlorpropham), bacteriostatic agent (triclocarban), plant regulator (forchlorfenuron), and insecticide (diflubenzuron). Taking advantages of high-throughput cell sorting and 16S rRNA gene-based amplicon sequencing, we depicted the diversity of bacterial recipients for the engineered plasmid pDCA-1-gfp-phh in a soil bacterial consortium, showing an excellent conjugative transfer capacity of the pDCA-1 derivative to various Gram neg. and even pos. strains in natural environment. All in all, the engineered plasmid pDCA-1 had a great potential in genetic bioaugmentation of the sites contaminated with chloroanilines and their derivatives In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-(4-Chlorophenyl)-3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)urea (cas: 101-20-2Formula: C13H9Cl3N2O).

1-(4-Chlorophenyl)-3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)urea (cas: 101-20-2) belongs to organic chlorides. Chlorination modifies the physical properties of hydrocarbons in several ways. These compounds are typically denser than water due to the higher atomic weight of chlorine versus hydrogen. Alkyl chlorides are versatile building blocks in organic chemistry. While alkyl bromides and iodides are more reactive, alkyl chlorides tend to be less expensive and more readily available.Formula: C13H9Cl3N2O

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Development of gum acacia based magnetic nanocomposite adsorbent for wastewater treatment was written by Kulal, Prajwal;Krishnappa, Preetha B.;Badalamoole, Vishalakshi. And the article was included in Polymer Bulletin (Heidelberg, Germany) in 2022.Application In Synthesis of 3,7-Bis(dimethylamino)phenothiazin-5-ium chloride This article mentions the following:

The present work reports development of a magnetic hydrogel adsorbent material based on the polysaccharide, gum acacia. This graft copolymer nanocomposite hydrogel of gum acacia and poly(3-chloro-2-hydroxypropylmethacrylate) has been made using microwave assisted technique. Magnetite nanoparticles have been generated by in-situ method and trapped in the network structure. The parent hydrogel and the hybrid nanocomposite were evaluated as adsorbents for sequestration of cationic dyes and metal ions from aqueous solution The FTIR, XRD, SEM, TGA, VSM and BET studies have been performed to characterize the samples with respect to their phys. and chem. structure, surface nature, thermal stability and magnetic property. The nanocomposite displayed super-paramagnetic nature owing to the presence of magnetite nanoparticles which also influenced the adsorption characteristics favorably as evident from the comparative studies performed with the non-magnetic parent gel. The nanocomposite exhibited larger surface area of 2.524 m²g^-1 compared to the parent hydrogel with surface area of 0.481 m²g^-1. The adsorption capability of the parent hydrogel towards methylene blue, rhodamine 6G, Cu(II) and Hg(II) are 224.4, 283.5, 282.4 and 275.3 mgg^-1, resp., were enhanced to 265.2, 344.4, 307.5 and 292.8 mgg^-1, resp., in the case of nanocomposite. The adsorption isotherm and kinetic studies indicated fit of Freundlich isotherm model and pseudo-second-order kinetic model, resp. The adsorption has been shown to be a multistep process involving boundary layer diffusion and intra-particle diffusion playing major roles. The thermodn. anal. manifested the adsorption as an exothermic and spontaneous process. The adsorption-desorption process studied in three cycles indicated excellent reusability characteristics of the nanocomposite making it a promising adsorbent material for wastewater treatment. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3,7-Bis(dimethylamino)phenothiazin-5-ium chloride (cas: 61-73-4Application In Synthesis of 3,7-Bis(dimethylamino)phenothiazin-5-ium chloride).

3,7-Bis(dimethylamino)phenothiazin-5-ium chloride (cas: 61-73-4) belongs to organic chlorides. Chlorination modifies the physical properties of hydrocarbons in several ways. These compounds are typically denser than water due to the higher atomic weight of chlorine versus hydrogen. Alkanes and aryl alkanes may be chlorinated under free radical conditions, with UV light. However, the extent of chlorination is difficult to control.Application In Synthesis of 3,7-Bis(dimethylamino)phenothiazin-5-ium chloride

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Genetic bioaugmentation with triclocarban-catabolic plasmid effectively removes triclocarban from wastewater was written by Ke, Zhuang;Wang, Shen;Zhu, Wenqi;Zhang, Fu;Qiao, Wenjing;Jiang, Jiandong;Chen, Kai. And the article was included in Environmental Research in 2022.SDS of cas: 101-20-2 This article mentions the following:

Triclocarban, one of the emerging pollutants, has been accumulating, and it is frequently detected in wastewater. Due to its toxicity and persistence, the efficient removal of triclocarban from wastewater systems is challenging. Genetic bioaugmentation with transferable catabolic plasmids has been considered to be a long-lasting method to clean up pollutants in continuous flow wastewater treatment systems. In this study, bioaugmentation with Pseudomonas putida KT2440, harboring the transferrable triclocarban-catabolic plasmid pDCA-1-gfp-tccA2, rapidly converted 50μM triclocarban in wastewater into 3,4-dichloroaniline and 4-chloroaniline, which are further mineralized more easily. RT-qPCR results showed that the ratio of the copy number of pDCA-1-gfp-tccA2 to the cell number of strain KT2440 gradually increased during genetic bioaugmentation, suggesting horizontal transfer and proliferation of the plasmid. By using DNA stable isotope probing (SIP) and amplicon sequencing, OTU86 (Escherichia-Shigella), OTU155 (Citrobacter), OTU5 (Brucella), and OTU15 (Enterobacteriaceae) were found to be the potential recipients of the plasmid pDCA-1-gfp-tccA2 in the wastewater bacterial community. Furthermore, three transconjugants in the genera of Escherichia, Citrobacter, and Brucella showing triclocarban-degrading abilities were isolated from the wastewater. This study develops a new method for removing triclocarban from wastewater and provides insights into the environmental behavior of transferrable catabolic plasmids in bacterial community in wastewater systems. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-(4-Chlorophenyl)-3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)urea (cas: 101-20-2SDS of cas: 101-20-2).

1-(4-Chlorophenyl)-3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)urea (cas: 101-20-2) belongs to organic chlorides. Chlorinated organic compounds are found in nearly every class of biomolecules and natural products including alkaloids, terpenes, amino acids, flavonoids, steroids, and fatty acids.While alkyl bromides and iodides are more reactive, alkyl chlorides tend to be less expensive and more readily available. Alkyl chlorides readily undergo attack by nucleophiles.SDS of cas: 101-20-2

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

In-situ growth of nitrogen-doped carbonized polymer dots on black phosphorus for electrochemical DNA biosensor of Escherichia coli O157: H7 was written by Shi, Fan;Wang, Baoli;Yan, Lijun;Wang, Bei;Niu, Yanyan;Wang, Lisi;Sun, Wei. And the article was included in Bioelectrochemistry in 2022.Electric Literature of C16H18ClN3S This article mentions the following:

Sensitive and accurate detection technol. for pathogenic bacteria is of great social and economic significance in foodborne disease and food safety. In this paper, a novel portable electrochem. DNA biosensor for the detection of specific DNA sequence of Escherichia coli (E. coli) O157: H7 was constructed. To enhance the performance of the electrochem. sensor, a functionalized nitrogen-doped carbonized polymer dots in-situ grown on few-layer black phosphorus (N-CPDs@FLBP) was synthesized and used as the modifier on the surface of screen-printed electrode. Combining gold nanoparticles as immobilization matrix and methylene blue as electrochem. indicator, the anal. performance of this electrochem. DNA biosensor was evaluated using standard complementary ssDNA sequence in the linear concentration range from 1.0 x 10-19 to 1.0 x 10-6 mol/L with a low detection limit as 3.33 x 10-20 mol/L (3 σ). Furthermore, the portable electrochem. DNA biosensor was proposed based on polymerase chain reaction amplification for the detection of the E. coli O157: H7 genomic DNA from chicken meat, which verified the feasibility for practical samples detection. The research has great theor. and practical significance for the development of electrochem. biosensor of pathogenic bacteria. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3,7-Bis(dimethylamino)phenothiazin-5-ium chloride (cas: 61-73-4Electric Literature of C16H18ClN3S).

3,7-Bis(dimethylamino)phenothiazin-5-ium chloride (cas: 61-73-4) belongs to organic chlorides. An organic chloride is an organic compound containing at least one covalently bonded atom of chlorine. Their wide structural variety and divergent chemical properties lead to a broad range of names and applications. Organochlorine compounds are lipophylic, meaning they are more soluble in fat than in water. This gives them a high tenancy to accumulate in the food chain (biomagnification).Electric Literature of C16H18ClN3S

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Electrode modified with nitrogen-doped graphene quantum dots supported in chitosan for triclocarban monitoring was written by Santana, Edson R.;Martins, Eduardo C.;Spinelli, Almir. And the article was included in Microchemical Journal in 2021.Product Details of 101-20-2 This article mentions the following:

Triclocarban is an antimicrobial agent frequently used in personal care products with potential activity for endocrine disrupting, and hence its monitoring is particularly important. A sensitive anal. tool was developed for electroanal. of triclocarban by modifying a glassy carbon substrate with nitrogen-doped graphene quantum dots immobilized in chitosan. Electron microscopy results showed that the synthesized quantum dots had a diameter of 4.5 nm. The doping with nitrogen in the graphene matrix was confirmed by spectroscopic techniques. Electrochem. techniques showed excellent triclocarban oxidation current responses provided by the modified electrode compared to the bare electrode. The calibration plot for triclocarban was constructed in 0.1 mol L^-1 phosphate buffer (pH 7.0):ethanol (95:5 volume/volume) in the range of 0.05 to 8.0μmol L^-1 with limits of detection and quantification of 17.0 and 57.0 nmol L^-1, resp. The modified electrode was effectively implemented in the quantification of triclocarban in personal care products with recoveries data in the range of 90 to 109%. Furthermore, the modified electrode was applied in the simultaneous determination of triclosan (+0.60 V) and triclocarban (+0.95 V) with limits of detection of 14.0 and 21.0 nmol L^-1, resp. The application was carried out in surface water samples with excellent accuracy indicated by recovery data in the range of 93 to 110%. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-(4-Chlorophenyl)-3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)urea (cas: 101-20-2Product Details of 101-20-2).

1-(4-Chlorophenyl)-3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)urea (cas: 101-20-2) belongs to organic chlorides. Chlorinated organic compounds are found in nearly every class of biomolecules and natural products including alkaloids, terpenes, amino acids, flavonoids, steroids, and fatty acids. Organochlorine compounds are lipophylic, meaning they are more soluble in fat than in water. This gives them a high tenancy to accumulate in the food chain (biomagnification).Product Details of 101-20-2

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Stereospecific addition of carbon and nitrogen nucleophiles to dicyclopentadieneplatinum and -palladium complexes was written by Stille, John K.;Fox, Dale B.. And the article was included in Journal of the American Chemical Society in 1970.Computed Properties of C10H10Cl2Pt This article mentions the following:

The nucleophilic additions of acetylacetone, Et acetoacetate, diethyl malonate, or PhCH2NH2 to the double bond of dichloro(endo-dicyclopentadiene)platinum(II) and of thallous acetylacetone to dichloro(endo-dicyclopentadiene)palladium(II) produced platinum- and palladium-carbon σ-bonded complexes. The trans additions take place at the 5,6-double bond without skeletal rearrangement of the dicyclopentadiene moiety; the nucleophile is attached exo with the metal endo and coordinated to the 2,3-double bond. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Dichlorodi(cyclopenta-1,3-dien-1-yl)platinate(II) (cas: 12083-92-0Computed Properties of C10H10Cl2Pt).

Dichlorodi(cyclopenta-1,3-dien-1-yl)platinate(II) (cas: 12083-92-0) belongs to organic chlorides. Chlorination modifies the physical properties of hydrocarbons in several ways. These compounds are typically denser than water due to the higher atomic weight of chlorine versus hydrogen.While alkyl bromides and iodides are more reactive, alkyl chlorides tend to be less expensive and more readily available. Alkyl chlorides readily undergo attack by nucleophiles.Computed Properties of C10H10Cl2Pt

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics