Tag: 300-400

A method for the analysis of 121 multi-class environmental chemicals in urine by high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry was written by Zhu, Hongkai;Chinthakindi, Sridhar;Kannan, Kurunthachalam. And the article was included in Journal of Chromatography A in 2021.Synthetic Route of C13H9Cl3N2O This article mentions the following:

Biomonitoring of human exposure to environmental chems. has gained momentum in recent years. Biomonitoring methods often include anal. of a single class of chems. with similar chem. properties. In this study, we describe a method that involves solid-phase extraction (SPE) coupled with liquid chromatog.-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) and capable of measuring 121 environmental chems. comprising plasticizers (PMs; n = 45), environmental phenols (EPs; n = 45), and pesticides (n = 31) through a single extraction of urine. Urine samples were incubated with 20 μL of β-glucuronidase/arylsulfatase (4000 units/mL urine) (from Helix pomatia) buffered at pH 5.5 for 2 h at 37 °C for optimal deconjugation conditions. We compared two extraction methods, namely liquid-liquid extraction and SPE, and the latter with ABS Elut NEXUS cartridges was optimized to yield best extraction efficiencies. For increased resolution and chromatog. separation, two methods involving Ultra AQ C18 and Betasil C18 columns were used. The MS/MS analyses were performed under both neg. and pos. ionization modes. The optimized method yielded excellent intra- and inter-day variabilities (relative standard deviation: 0.40-11%) and satisfactory recoveries (80-120%) for >95% of the analytes. The limits of detection were ≤ 0.1 ng/mL for 101 analytes and between 0.1 and 1.0 ng/mL for 18 analytes. The optimized SPE LC-MS/MS method was validated through the anal. of standard reference materials and proficiency test urine samples and further applied in the anal. of 21 real urine samples to demonstrate simultaneous determination of 121 environmental chems. in urine samples. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-(4-Chlorophenyl)-3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)urea (cas: 101-20-2Synthetic Route of C13H9Cl3N2O).

1-(4-Chlorophenyl)-3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)urea (cas: 101-20-2) belongs to organic chlorides. Organic chlorides can cause corrosion in pipelines, valves and condensers, and cause catalyst poisoning. The hydrocarbon processing industry (HPI) and others are affected by damage caused by these substances. Alkanes and aryl alkanes may be chlorinated under free radical conditions, with UV light. However, the extent of chlorination is difficult to control.Synthetic Route of C13H9Cl3N2O

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Cationic palladium and platinum complexes with diolefin ligands was written by Eaborn, Colin;Farrell, Nicholas;Pidcock, Alan. And the article was included in Journal of the Chemical Society, Dalton Transactions: Inorganic Chemistry (1972-1999) in 1976.COA of Formula: C10H10Cl2Pt This article mentions the following:

Cl-bridged complexes [M2L2Cl2][BF4]2 (M = Pt, Pd; L = cycloocta-1,5-diene, norborna-2,5-diene) were prepared from MLCl2 and [Et3O][BF4]. [Pd2L2Cl2][BF4]2 (L = cyclooctadiene) reacted with MeOH, AcOH, and H2O to give Pd2(2-RL1)2Cl2 (L1 = 5,6-η-cycloocta-5-enyl; R = MeO, AcO, HO), resp., but with PPh3, L was displaced to form [Pd2Cl2(PPh3)4][BF4]2. PPh3 reacted with the Pt analog to give [PtLCl(PPh3)][BF4]. [MLCl(PR3)]X [R3 = Ph3, Bu3, Me2Ph; X = SFO3, BF4, ClO4) were prepared from sym,trans-[M2Cl4(PR3)2], L, and SFO2(OMe)-C6H6, [Et3O][BF4]-CH2Cl2, and Na[ClO4]-Me2CO. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Dichlorodi(cyclopenta-1,3-dien-1-yl)platinate(II) (cas: 12083-92-0COA of Formula: C10H10Cl2Pt).

Dichlorodi(cyclopenta-1,3-dien-1-yl)platinate(II) (cas: 12083-92-0) belongs to organic chlorides. Chlorination modifies the physical properties of hydrocarbons in several ways. These compounds are typically denser than water due to the higher atomic weight of chlorine versus hydrogen. Alkyl chlorides are versatile building blocks in organic chemistry. While alkyl bromides and iodides are more reactive, alkyl chlorides tend to be less expensive and more readily available.COA of Formula: C10H10Cl2Pt

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Multifunctional CuO nanoparticles with enhanced photocatalytic dye degradation and antibacterial activity was written by Dulta, Kanika;Kosarsoy Agceli, Gozde;Chauhan, Parveen;Jasrotia, Rohit;Chauhan, P. K.;Ighalo, Joshua O.. And the article was included in Sustainable Environment Research in 2022.HPLC of Formula: 61-73-4 This article mentions the following:

Rhizome extract of Bergenia ciliata was used as a bio-functional reducing material for the green synthesis of copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs). CuO NPs were characterized using UV-visible spectroscopy, Fourier transforms IR spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), dynamic light scattering, SEM (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray anal. (EDX). XRD anal. revealed the monoclinic phase of synthesized CuO NPs with an average particle size of 20 nm. Spherical shaped nanoscale CuO particles were observed by EDX and SEM confirming the Cu and O presence in the synthesized NPs. CuO NPs showed antibacterial effects against Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi. The antioxidant effect was measured and IC50 values for 2,2′-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS)), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl and Ferric reducing antioxidant power assays were found to be 91.2, 72.4 and 109μg mL- 1 resp. Under sunlight, the CuO NPs reported extraordinary photocatalytic activity against Methylene Blue and Methyl red degradation with efficiencies of 92-85%. CuO NPs have excellent potential application for the photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants and in the development of antibacterial materials. This study offers new insights in the field of inexpensive and green synthesis-based antimicrobial effective CuO photocatalysts from B. ciliata to remove harmful dyes from industrial-based waters with high degradation efficiency, which is environmentally friendly. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3,7-Bis(dimethylamino)phenothiazin-5-ium chloride (cas: 61-73-4HPLC of Formula: 61-73-4).

3,7-Bis(dimethylamino)phenothiazin-5-ium chloride (cas: 61-73-4) belongs to organic chlorides. Organochlorines are organic compounds having multiple chlorine atoms. They were the first synthetic pesticides that were used in agriculture. They are resistant to most microbial and chemical degradations. Alkyl chlorides are versatile building blocks in organic chemistry. While alkyl bromides and iodides are more reactive, alkyl chlorides tend to be less expensive and more readily available.HPLC of Formula: 61-73-4

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Chlorogenic acids protect organic dyes against self-catalyzed photobleaching was written by Tsuchida, Kino;Okumura, Hisako;Ikarashi, Taro;Takahashi, Yukiko. And the article was included in Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology, A: Chemistry in 2022.SDS of cas: 61-73-4 This article mentions the following:

An environmentally benign method for preventing the photofading of organic dyes was developed using chlorogenic acids, also known as caffeoylquinic acids (CQAs), which can be obtained in large quantities from agricultural wastes. In this study, 5-caffeoylquinic acid (5-CQA) and 4,5-dicaffeolyquinic acid (4,5-diCQA) were used as singlet oxygen (¹O₂) quenchers, and their suppression mechanisms were evaluated by the self-catalyzed photobleaching reactions of methylene blue (MB) and rose bengal (RB) in aqueous solutions at different pH values. Light irradiation experiments, half-wave oxidation potentials measurements, LC-MS, and NMR demonstrated that CQAs effectively inhibited the photofading of the dyes in the pH range of 4-9 with two independent reaction mechanisms. 4,5-diCQA was more effective in preventing the photofading than 5-CQA. The kinetic anal. estimated the ¹O₂ quenching constants of CQAs (kq = 7.22 x 10⁷ M^-1 s^-1 and 9.33 x 10⁷ M^-1 s^-1 for 5-CQA and 4,5-diCQA) and the bimol. rate constant for the chem. quenching of ¹O₂ by MB (kf = 2.88 x 10⁴ M^-1 s^-1). Comparing these rate constants revealed that the quenching reactions of ¹O₂ by CQAs were more predominantly than the photofading reaction of MB. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3,7-Bis(dimethylamino)phenothiazin-5-ium chloride (cas: 61-73-4SDS of cas: 61-73-4).

3,7-Bis(dimethylamino)phenothiazin-5-ium chloride (cas: 61-73-4) belongs to organic chlorides. An organic chloride is an organic compound containing at least one covalently bonded atom of chlorine. Their wide structural variety and divergent chemical properties lead to a broad range of names and applications. The haloform reaction, using chlorine and sodium hydroxide, is also able to generate alkyl halides from methyl ketones, and related compounds. Chloroform was formerly produced thus.SDS of cas: 61-73-4

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

A review of distribution and risk of pharmaceuticals and personal care products in the aquatic environment in China was written by Xiang, Ying;Wu, Huihui;Li, Lu;Ren, Meng;Qie, Hantong;Lin, Aijun. And the article was included in Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety in 2021.Formula: C13H9Cl3N2O This article mentions the following:

Due to the extensive use and pseudo-persistence of pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs), they are frequently detected in the aqueous environment, which has attracted global attention. In this paper, accumulation data of 81 PPCPs in surface water or sediment in China were reported. In addition, 20 kinds of PPCPs with high frequency were selected and their ecol. risk assessment was conducted by risk quotient (RQs). The results indicated that the concentration detected in surface water and sediment ranged from ng/L (ng/kg) to μg/L ( μg/kg) in China, which was similar to concentrations reported globally. However, contamination by certain PPCPs, such as caffeine, oxytetracycline, and erythromycin, was relatively high with a maximum concentration of more than 2000 ng/L in surface water. RQs revealed that 14 kinds of PPCPs pose no significant risk or low risk to aquatic organisms, while 6 kinds of PPCPs pose a high risk. Addnl., the pollution characteristics of PPCPs in each watershed are different. The Haihe River watershed and the central and lower Yangtze River were the regions of high concern for erythromycin. Triclosan has potential risks in the Pearl River watershed. This study determined the occurrence and risk of PPCPs in China in the past decade, providing a scientific basis for PPCPs pollution control and risk prevention. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-(4-Chlorophenyl)-3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)urea (cas: 101-20-2Formula: C13H9Cl3N2O).

1-(4-Chlorophenyl)-3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)urea (cas: 101-20-2) belongs to organic chlorides. Organic chlorides can cause corrosion in pipelines, valves and condensers, and cause catalyst poisoning. The hydrocarbon processing industry (HPI) and others are affected by damage caused by these substances. The haloform reaction, using chlorine and sodium hydroxide, is also able to generate alkyl halides from methyl ketones, and related compounds. Chloroform was formerly produced thus.Formula: C13H9Cl3N2O

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Mesoporous silica imprinted carbon dots for the selective fluorescent detection of triclosan was written by Bhogal, Shikha;Mohiuddin, Irshad;Malik, Ashok Kumar;Brown, Richard J. C.;Heynderickx, Philippe M.;Kim, Ki-Hyun;Kaur, Kuldeep. And the article was included in Science of the Total Environment in 2022.Product Details of 101-20-2 This article mentions the following:

A molecularly imprinted fluorescence sensor built as a mesoporous structured silica imprinted layer on the surface of carbon dots (CDs@m-MIP) was employed for the selective detection of triclosan (TRI). The fluorescence of this CDs@m-MIP was affected sensitively and selectively by TRI via an electron transfer-induced fluorescence quenching mechanism with a detection limit of TRI at 1.08 nM (range 1.72-138 nM) under the optimum setup (e.g., pH, response time, and CDs@m-MIP dose). This approach was used successfully to detect TRI in real water samples (e.g., sewage, river, and tap water). The recoveries of TRI were satisfactory in spiked river and tap water (in 94.7-99.5%). The outcome of this research is thus expected to help develop highly efficient fluorescent sensing systems towards diverse hazardous compounds including TRI. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-(4-Chlorophenyl)-3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)urea (cas: 101-20-2Product Details of 101-20-2).

1-(4-Chlorophenyl)-3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)urea (cas: 101-20-2) belongs to organic chlorides. Organic chlorides can cause corrosion in pipelines, valves and condensers, and cause catalyst poisoning. The hydrocarbon processing industry (HPI) and others are affected by damage caused by these substances. The haloform reaction, using chlorine and sodium hydroxide, is also able to generate alkyl halides from methyl ketones, and related compounds. Chloroform was formerly produced thus.Product Details of 101-20-2

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Superior adsorption performance of citrate modified graphene oxide as nano material for removal organic and inorganic pollutants from aqueous solution was written by Abd-Elhamid, A. I.;Elgoud, E. M. Abu;Emam, Sh. Sh.;Aly, H. F.. And the article was included in Scientific Reports in 2022.Application In Synthesis of 3,7-Bis(dimethylamino)phenothiazin-5-ium chloride This article mentions the following:

This work addressed one step preparation method to form a novel nano material composite of graphene oxide nanosheet (GO) functionalized with low-cost tri-sodium citrate (C), using, teteraethylorthosilicate (TEOS) as a crosslinker. The prepared composite (GO-C) was characterized using various advanced techniques. Among these techniques, the TGA provided interesting information concerning the functionalization process. Within this process, the (-OH) groups that located at the GO-surface were consumed in the modification process which leads to increase the thermal stability of the resulted composite. Cationic organic methylene blue (MB) and crystal violet (CV), and inorganic copper (Cu²⁺) and cobalt (Co²⁺) pollutants were displayed as a model to assess their removal performance by the developed composite (GO-C) from aqueous solution, through batch technique. According to Langmuir isotherm the GO-C present an excellent adsorption capacity for MB (222.22 mg g^-1), CV (270.27 mg g-1), Cu²⁺ (163.4 mg g^-1) and Co²⁺ (145.35 mg g^-1) which were more than the adsorption capacities found in literature. Addnl., the regenerated composite presents higher removal ability than the original composite. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3,7-Bis(dimethylamino)phenothiazin-5-ium chloride (cas: 61-73-4Application In Synthesis of 3,7-Bis(dimethylamino)phenothiazin-5-ium chloride).

3,7-Bis(dimethylamino)phenothiazin-5-ium chloride (cas: 61-73-4) belongs to organic chlorides. An organic chloride is an organic compound containing at least one covalently bonded atom of chlorine. Their wide structural variety and divergent chemical properties lead to a broad range of names and applications. Aryl chlorides may be prepared by the Friedel-Crafts halogenation, using chlorine and a Lewis acid catalyst.Application In Synthesis of 3,7-Bis(dimethylamino)phenothiazin-5-ium chloride

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

An ultra-sensitive dual-signal ratiometric electrochemical aptasensor based on functionalized MOFs for detection of HER2 was written by Xu, Ying;Zhang, Ya;Li, Ning;Yang, Mei;Xiang, Tingxiu;Huo, Danqun;Qiu, Zhu;Yang, Li;Hou, Changjun. And the article was included in Bioelectrochemistry in 2022.Application of 61-73-4 This article mentions the following:

The dual-signal radiometric sensor can effectively reduce the difference between repeated detection and achieve higher accuracy, sensitivity and repeatability detection. In this work, we constructed a simple ratiometric electrochem. aptasensor based on functionalized ZIF-67 and ZIF-90 for sensitive detection of human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2). ZIF-67@Ferrocene (Fc)/antimonate nano flakes (AMNFs) as the capture probe has a large sp. surface area and good conductivity, and have a strong adsorption capacity for aptamer single-stranded DNA (ssDNA). When the biomarker – HER2 interacts with aptamer ssDNA, it is easily desorbed from its surface. At the same time, ZIF-90@ methylene blue (MB) as the signal probe realizes one-step encapsulation of MB signal, which can avoid interference from external environment. When the target-HER2 exists, it is recognized by the capture probe, which leads to the decrease of the conductivity of the electrode. Under the action of the signal probe, the conductivity of the signal is recovered and the detection signal is amplified significantly. The designed ratiometric electrochem. aptasensor showed a wide linear range (0.5-1000 pg mL^-1) and a low detection limit (155 fg mL^-1) for HER2. Subsequently, it was applied to actual serum samples and showed acceptable applicability. It shows great potential for clin. screening and immediate detection of cancer biomarkers. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3,7-Bis(dimethylamino)phenothiazin-5-ium chloride (cas: 61-73-4Application of 61-73-4).

3,7-Bis(dimethylamino)phenothiazin-5-ium chloride (cas: 61-73-4) belongs to organic chlorides. An organic chloride is an organic compound containing at least one covalently bonded atom of chlorine. Their wide structural variety and divergent chemical properties lead to a broad range of names and applications. Alkyl chlorides readily react with amines to give substituted amines. Alkyl chlorides are substituted by softer halides such as the iodide in the Finkelstein reaction.Application of 61-73-4

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Effects of the presence of triclocarban on the degradation and migration of co-occurring pesticides in soil was written by Cheng, Zheng;Zhang, Chuntao;Jiang, Wenqi;Zhai, Wangjing;Gao, Jing;Wang, Peng. And the article was included in Environmental Pollution (Oxford, United Kingdom) in 2022.Formula: C13H9Cl3N2O This article mentions the following:

Triclocarban (TCC), a bactericide widely used in personal care products, is frequently detected in soil and surface water, which may affect the environmental behavior of other environmental pollutants by changing the community structure of environmental microorganisms. This work evaluated the effects of TCC on the degradation and migration of seven herbicides and five fungicides in soil under co-occurrence conditions. TCC significantly increased the persistence of the pesticides in soil, and this effect increased with TCC concentration For example, the half-life of metolachlor, atrazine, metribuzin, and metamitron increased 44%, 38%, 153%, and 33%, resp., with 10 mg/kg TCC and increased 60%-640% with 100 mg/kg TCC. After 90 days, the residue of the pesticides in soil treated with TCC was significantly elevated relative to the control. TCC treatment could also increase the potential leaching risk of the herbicides in the soil, as indicated by an increased Groundwater Ubiquity Score (GUS) index. The reduced abundance of soil bacteria by TCC might be an essential reason for the impacts on the environmental behavior of the pesticides. This study confirmed that TCC could slow down the degradation of pesticides in soil, increase their persistence and even affect the leaching behavior, thus influencing the risks of the pesticides to the environment. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-(4-Chlorophenyl)-3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)urea (cas: 101-20-2Formula: C13H9Cl3N2O).

1-(4-Chlorophenyl)-3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)urea (cas: 101-20-2) belongs to organic chlorides. An organic chloride is an organic compound containing at least one covalently bonded atom of chlorine. Their wide structural variety and divergent chemical properties lead to a broad range of names and applications. Alkyl chlorides are versatile building blocks in organic chemistry. While alkyl bromides and iodides are more reactive, alkyl chlorides tend to be less expensive and more readily available.Formula: C13H9Cl3N2O

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Amyloid-based carbon aerogels for water purification was written by Peydayesh, Mohammad;Vogt, Julia;Chen, Xiulin;Zhou, Jiangtao;Donat, Felix;Bagnani, Massimo;Muller, Christoph R.;Mezzenga, Raffaele. And the article was included in Chemical Engineering Journal (Amsterdam, Netherlands) in 2022.Computed Properties of C16H18ClN3S This article mentions the following:

Water scarcity is a worldwide concern with various implications, such as widespread pollution with heavy metals and organic pollutants, resulting in global threats to the environment and human health, and calling for innovative remediation strategies. We show here that the capability of protein-based carbon aerogels for removing contaminants from water can be greatly improved by transforming proteins into amyloids before their hydrothermal carbonization. Amyloid fibrils were prepared from whey protein isolate, a byproduct of the dairy industry, and upon addition to different carbohydrates, the ensued mixtures were used for carbon aerogels production Furthermore, the generality of the approach for producing carbon aerogels was demonstrated using vegetable amyloids from soy protein. The carbon aerogels are able to adsorb Au(III), Pt(II), Fe(III), and Ag(I) with excellent removal efficiencies. Moreover, the amyloid whey lactose carbon aerogel has an adsorption capacity of 650.08 mg/g for Au(III), significantly higher than that of a carbon aerogel derived from monomer whey lactose. The reusability of the carbon aerogel is also proven over three continuous adsorption/regeneration cycles, with a stable performance in terms of removal efficiency indicating good long-term use. Taken together, the results demonstrate amyloid carbon aerogels′ capability as an efficient, sustainable, and inexpensive solution for water purification In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3,7-Bis(dimethylamino)phenothiazin-5-ium chloride (cas: 61-73-4Computed Properties of C16H18ClN3S).

3,7-Bis(dimethylamino)phenothiazin-5-ium chloride (cas: 61-73-4) belongs to organic chlorides. Organic chlorides can cause corrosion in pipelines, valves and condensers, and cause catalyst poisoning. The hydrocarbon processing industry (HPI) and others are affected by damage caused by these substances. Organochlorine compounds are lipophylic, meaning they are more soluble in fat than in water. This gives them a high tenancy to accumulate in the food chain (biomagnification).Computed Properties of C16H18ClN3S

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics